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The project brings the available photonic technology to the field and tackles the challenge of a photonic network. It develops selected conception items for the future pan-European transport network with focus on an all optical network and implements key functionalities and components by a field demonstrator network based on installed standard single mode fibres. The work concerns all optical wavelength division multiplex (WDM) transmission with data rates up to 10 Gbit/s per wavelength over 500 km and will demonstrate WDM cross connecting, optical WDM supervision and application of the WDM transport network.
The study of optical networks, in principle and by simulation, yielded feedback for the design of the field trial and a solid basis of knowledge for the future optical network. Design rules for the WDM link and the optical cross connect (OXC) lead to a future-proof modular design for the field trial, where each section of the link deals with its own loss, dispersion and non-linear effects independently of preceding and subsequent link sections. A first verification of the link design in the laboratory has demonstrated error free transmission of a 10 Gbit/s signal over 500 km of standard fibre. The OXC has been designed in a way that it could be placed at any amplifier site along a WDM line. Losses are compensated within the OXC and the channels for each WDM port are equalized. For the field trial only passive equalization is possible within the scope of the project. But the necessity has been identified to employ (in future all-optical networks) optical amplifiers for each single channel within the OXC. For use in PHOTONET first samples of 10 and 2.5 Gbit/s transmitter modules according to the specification and eight WDM filters have been delivered.
Summary : In single-mode fibers with non-perfect geometry, two polarization modes exist due to mechanical stress, fiber bends, or twists. They experience different group velocity, which results in a broadening of the transmitted light pulses. This effect is called polarization mode dispersion (PMD). Field tests showed that the PMD and the resulting additional signal degradation varies from fiber to fiber. It is statistic in nature and depends on time, on wavelength, and on the input polarization of the signal to be transmitted. For network operators and equipment manufacturers it is important to test fiber transmission systems with respect to their vulnerability to PMD, especially if high bit rates (e.g. 10Gbit/s) are involved. However, when employing long fiber sections, the time variation of PMD-induced signal distortion makes testing difficult. The solution is to use of a time-invariant PMD emulator, which provides similar PMD properties as the real fiber, in combination with a special test routine..
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