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Résultats exploitables
Water turbines and pumps are often susceptible to severe erosion and cavitation action in service. Among the various coatings applied for the protection of working surfaces, only metallic alloys of amorphous structure can meet the requirements. The metal alloy grades that give an amorphous structure after fast cooling, have been determined.
The characteristics of such grades are high ultimate tensile strength, ductility and resistance to corrosion under various physical conditions. The crystallisation temperature is greater than or equal to 400 C.
It has been shown that the plasma spraying procedure under controlled atmosphere conditions and temperature allows 0.5 mm thick depositions of amorphous structure to be obtained on large surfaces.
The characterisation and optimisation of deposition conditions with respect to the chemical analyses specified have been conducted, and the coatings obtained comply satisfactorily with the contradictory properties required.
The results have considerable economic potential but technical difficulties associated with treatment of large components have to be overcome. The technology may be of interest to various sectors dealing with corrosion, erosion and cavitation problems, such as the naval and mining industries. The development of a dedicated plasma spraying torch is important.
Coatings have been developed for the protection of working surfaces using metallic alloys of amorphous structure. A coating thickness of 0.5 mm has been used over surface areas of several square metres. The substrate used was either stainless steel or structural steel of copper based alloys. Use has been made of plasma spraying under controlled temperature and atmosphere with cryogenic coating. The cooling speed of particles sprayed was greater than 105 K per second. The coatings obtained have proved very hard with adequate ductility to accommodate deformations and shocks, good resistance to crack propagation and aqueous corrosion, good structural stability and adherence to substrate. The coatings are easy to implement and can be polished.
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