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Reduction of abrasiveness and splintering in the machining of decorative plastic surfaces

Objectif

The basic objective of this research is to fix the causes which makes melamine surfaces, used in the furnishing and building sectors, show a higher abrasiveness than others, and to get formulations which improve that abrasive characteristics during the mechanization, and so to define the guidelines to follow to reduce those effects without reducing their quality. Finally, the conditions of mechanization of those materials will be optimized in order to get the minimum splintered materials.
The main general conclusions about the study carried out during the project can be summarized as follows:
- First, an extensive database has been created about the characteristics of current melamined particleboards which can be found in todays market.
- It has been proved that the short-term machinability test is a good means to evaluate the abrasiveness of these materials; moreover, mechanizing tests done into real scale good correlations with the short-term test.
- The presence of a hard melamine covering on the particleboard, generates a small wearing on the cutting tools used during the mechanizing. However, this matter does not determine the whole abrasive effect, due to the fact that it has been proved that the abrasiveness of the particleboard support is much more important than the melamine's covering.
- Among all the variables related to the melamine covering, the most important variable which can change the abrasiveness of such surface is the plasticizer amount and nature (in addition to the melamine resin compatibility). Melamine formulations with high levels of plasticizer makes possible the obtaining of softer melamined surfaces, which obviously produces a lower abrasive effect on the cutting tools. In any case, the reduction of the abrasiveness by adding more plasticizer is not as high as expected because the support overlaps this improvement and generates high abrasive levels too.
- On the other hand, other properties related to the melamine formulation do not affect significantly the abrasiveness of the cured melamine surface.
- It has been proved that the main abrasive effect is caused by the quality and characteristics of the particleboard external layers.
- Melamine pressing conditions, as well as particleboard manufacturing conditions, can influence a bit the abrasive effect.
- The splintering is a direct consequence of the abrasive effect, instead of the fact that the cured melamine surface properties would have some influence.
- Finally, it has not been proved that ashes percentage would determine the abrasive and splintering effects.

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Coordinateur

CIDEMCO TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH CENTRE
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S/N,Barrio Lasao, Area Anardi 5
20730 AZPEITIA
Espagne

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