Objective
ALL WORKING FLUID PAIRS WHICH ARE PRESENTLY USED IN DOMESTIC ABSORPTION HEAT PUMPS HAVE CERTAIN DISADVANTAGES. A SYSTEMATIC SEARCH FOR SUITABLE WORKING FLUID PAIRS HAS THEREFORE BEEN CARRIED OUT BY THE UNIVERSITY OF ESSEN, GERMANY. ALCOHOLS AND AMINES AS SOLUTIONS AND DIFFERENT HALIDES, NITRATES AND THYOCYANATES AS SOLVENTS HAVE BEEN STUDIED. UP TILL NOW BINARY COMBINATIONS OF THE WORKING FLUIDS TFE, R123A, R30, R22 AND A LARGE NUMBER OF SOLVENTS HAVE BEEN SYSTEMATICALLY STUDIED BOTH THEORETICALLY AND EXPERIMENTALLY. ALL FOUR WORKING FLUIDS HAD A REMARKABLE SOLUBILITY IN HMPT BUT THE THERMAL INSTABILITY OF HMPT EXCLUDES THE APPLICATION IN ABSORPTION HEAT PUMPS. HOWEVER A LARGE NUMBER OF OTHER PROMISING COMBINATIONS HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED. ALSO TERNARY COMBINATIONS HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATED. METHYLAMINE WITH AQUEOUS-SALT SOLUTIONS AS A SOLVENT WERE NOT THERMALLY STABLE UP TO 200 DEGREES C. NH3 WITH AQUEOUS-SALT SALT SOLUTIONS TURNED OUT TO BE PROMISING.
FIVE OF THE MOST PROMISING SYSTEMS (TFE-NMP, R123A-DTG, METHYAMINE-GLY, R22-DTRG AND NH3-LINO3/H2O) WERE INVESTIGATED IN MORE DETAIL. THESE INVESTIGATIONS COMPREHENDED A COMPLETE MEASUREMENT OF THE PROPERTIES : VAPOUR PRESSURE, DENSITY AND VISCOSITY WITHIN THE TEMPERATURE RANGE OF INTEREST. ALSO CALORIFIC PROPERTIES AND VAPOUR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIA OF SOME SYSTEMS WERE DETERMINED. ALL MEASURED DATA WERE CORRELATED TO EQUATIONS WHICH ENABLED A CONSTRUCTION OF DIAGRAMS FOR THE PRACTICAL USE.
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
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Programme(s)
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Topic(s)
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
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Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Call for proposal
Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
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Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
Funding Scheme
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
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Coordinator
45117 ESSEN
Germany
The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.