Objective
Vapour emission during loading of petroleum and DERV road tanker trucks can reach high levels because the work is concentrated in short daily periods of a few hours. The aim of this project is the recovery of gasoline vapours lost to the atmosphere during the loading period.
Average plant yield during the first year of operation was 0.57 l/m3 of gasoline loaded for a total of 302,000 litres.
This yield refers to the whole recovery system, including loading booms, hoses, pipes, and manifolds. It is lower than was envisaged at the planning stage, but it can be substantially increased by making a few alterations that the demonstration model showed to be necessary.
Plant energy consumptions was low; less than 0.5 kWh/litre of condensed hydrocarbons.
Agip Petroli has already built another recovery plant in its fuel storage depot in Chivasso (near Turin). In the first phase of operation the yield was 0.65%. Four other plants are planned in its depots in Florence, Rome, Naples and Palermo, and it is expected that yield will be higher. The total amount of gasoline handled by these depots is now about two million tons. Two other plants of this kind have been installed in the depots of two other oil companies in Italy
The project was developed by Agi Petroli SpA. in its fuel storage depot at Pregana Milanese which handles annually 350,000 tons of gasoline. The KAPPA-GI of Milan designed and built the A plant to a patent held by Guido Galante. The recovery is based on condensing gasoline vapours by cooling. The plant consists of three-separately installed sections:
- the refrigerator unit consists of a compressor, an air condenser, and a tube bundle evaporator; - the gasoline vapour condenser consists of two finned-pipe exchangers, one of which is in operation while, the other is defrosting, a tank and a pump for the condensed gasoline, cold liquid, and a defrosting fan;
- an insulated tank for cold liquid, usually kero jet fuel, and a nitrogen pressure system.
The mix of hydrocarbon vapours and air enters the condensation unit and is cooled by countercurrent with subcooling fluid. The hydrocarbon vapours condense and drop into a tank where they are separated from the water.
The cold fluid is subcooled and recirculated constantly by way of the pump in the evaporator of the refrigerator unit. The same pump circulates it through the condensation unit.
Condensed hydrocarbons are measured by a volumetric gauge, providing constant control of plant efficiency.
A plant of this type is also capable of recovering hydrocarbon vapour in all kinds of gasoline loading plants, wherever there is a high degree of hydrocarbon vapour emission. Another promising use is in oil refineries for the recovery of light hydrocarbons from fuel gas and flare gas systems.
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Coordinator
20097 S. Donato Milanese (MILANO)
Italy
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