Objective
To demonstrate a low cost direct expansion wind convector (wind evaporator) as an evaporator for a 6 kW residential air-to-air heat pump, without a defrost cycle. To compare the annual performance of this system to a conventional air-to-air heat pump with defrost controls. An annual economy of 1500 kWh/yr for the heat pump under consideration is estimated, due to the fact that no fans or defrost cycles are necessary.
The demonstration will take place in an old industrial building of traditional construction owned by University College Galaway.
Two similar zones of this building will be selected one to be heated by the wind evaporator heat pump and the other by a conventional one.
The prototype wind evaporator consists of fined copper tubing giving 0. 12 m2 exchange area per linear meter of tube.
The complete evaporator consists of 10 tubes for parallel freon flow and three rows of tubes. A 6 kW heat pump with a wind evaporator of about 8 m2 surface area and modified expansion controls will be installed to heat the selected zone equipped with an air heating system.
In order to quantify the annual energy performance of the wind evaporator, this heat pump will be compared to the conventional 6 kW air-to-air heat pump equipped with a defrost control.
- WIND EVAPORATOR :
Following the studies of the University College Galway (UCG) the evaporator is made of copper tubes with soldered fires. Optimisation of the evaporator has been done on base of tests during winter 87 - 88 with a brine convector.
The tests showed that frost growth on a single tube does not significantly the overall performance of the tube but, for a row of tubes, air blocage due to frost or ice bridging between tubes is the major reason for a deterioration of performance.
Optimal distance between tubes and angle between fins has been determined.
- HEAT PUMP :
An English manufacturer of heat pump was chosen because of the closer rating to the 6 kW of the project.
It was decided to keep the tubes of the evaporator horizontal to get a better oil return to the compressor, to choose a rotary compressor because of high risks of liquid slugs with this kind of evaporator and to use a thermostatic expansion valve to get a better control of the evaporation.
- INSTALLATION IN BUILDING : Two heat pumps - one with a classical fan assisted evaporator and the other with the wind evaporator - have been installed during summer 1988 as well as the monitoring equipment.
First measurements of weather conditions have been recorded without any problems.
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Coordinator
2 Dublin
Ireland
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