Objective
THE PROJECT AIMS ARE TO IMPROVE PLANT TYPE AND HARVEST INDEX OF THE SUNROOT SO AS TO IN INCREASE BIOMASS AND INULIN PRODUCTION AND TO DEVELOP EFFICIENT METHODS OF BREEDING VARIETIES.
THE CROP PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES WERE BASED ON PERIODICAL HARVESTS OF PLOTS OF 4 DIFFERENT CULTIVARS COLUMBIA, TOPIANCA, K8 AND VIOLET DE RENNES GROWN IN TWO REPLICATED FIELD EXPERIMENTS.
THE CULTIVARS SHOWED IMPORTANT DIFFERENCES IN GROWTH PATTERN. HIGH YIELDING CV COLUMBIA FLOWERS EARLY. FLOWERING TERMINATES THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHOOTS AND LEAVES AND TUBERGROWTH STARTS. TUBER PRODUCTION CONTINUES AS LONG AS THE FOLIAGE REMAINS IN A GOOD CONDITION.
LEAF SENESCENCE OF COLUMBIA WAS ACCELERATED IN THE FIELD EXPERIMENT WITH DROUGHT SUSCEPTIBLE LIGHT SANDY SOIL AND TUBER YIELD WAS DOWN. IN THE OTHER FIELD TRIAL, WITH A SOIL WITH A MUCH BETTER MOISTURE RETENTION CAPACITY COLUMBIA KEPT ITS FOLIAGE AND TUBER YIELD WAS SUBSTANTIALLY HIGHER, AS USUAL.
THE LATE CVS FLOWER LATE IN SEPTEMBER OR NOT AT ALL, PRODUCING AN ENORMOUS FOLIAGE, 2.5-3 M HIGH. TUBER GROWTH IS EQUALLY LATE TO START BUT IS VERY RAPID, MORE RAPID THAN IS POSSIBLE BY PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN THAT TIME OF YEAR. THE PLANT IS APPARENTLY CAPABLE OF REMOBILISING LARGE AMOUNTS OF CARBOHYDRATES FROM THE STEMS TO TUBERS IN A SHORT TIME. EARLY SEVERE NIGHT FROSTS CONSTITUTE A RISK BECAUSE THIS MAY KILL FOLIAGE AND STEMS IN THE PROCESS OF REMOBILISING CARBOHYDRATES.
PRE SPROUTING SEED TUBERS HAD A POSITIVE EFFECT ON PRODUCTION, IT ACCELERATED FIELD EMERGENCE BY ONLY ONE DAY BUT THE GROWTH OF THE LEAF AREA WAS FASTER. THIS EVENTUALLY RESULTED IN HIGHER TUBER YIELDS.
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS ON PRE-SPROUTING OF TUBERS OF SEVERAL CULTIVARS SHOWED A SOLUTION OF 25 PPM OF GA3 TO BE EFFECTIVE.
BREEDING RESEARCH CONCENTRATED ON FLOWERING INDUCTION ESPECIALLY OF LATE OR NON FLOWERING CULTIVARS. A SHORT DAYLENGTH INDUCTION OF 2-4 WEEKS OF 11 OR 14 HOUR DAYS OF 4-6 WEEKS OLD PLANTS INDUCED PLANTS OF NINE LATE FLOWERING CVS TO FLOWER 3-4 MONTHS EARLIER.
GROWING PLANTS ON BRICKS OR GRAFTING ON SUNFLOWER ROOTSTOCKS DID NOT INDUCE EARLY FLOWERING BUT PLANT GROWTH WAS ENORMOUS. THE SUCCESS OF HAND POLLINATION WAS LIMITED: 70 SEEDS; HOWEVER, THERE IS CONSIDERABLE SCOPE FOR FURTHER IMPROVEMENT. ON FLOWERING PLANTS OF EARLY CVS IN THE FIELD, SEVERAL THOUSANDS OF OPEN POLLINATED SEEDS WERE HARVESTED.
THE VARIATION BETWEEN 17 CVS OF DRY MATTER CONTENT, PERCENTAGE FRUCTOSE CONTENT AND THE FRUCTOSE-GLUCOSE RATIO OF TUBERS WAS RESPECTIVELY 18.5-19.2%, 10.2-17.4% AND 3.1-7.0%.
THE CENTRE FOR GENETIC RESOURCES NETHERLANDS (CGN) ACQUIRED AND EVALUATED A COLLECTION OF 45 GENOTYPES FROM DIFFERENT PARTS OF EUROPE. A PRELIMINARY LIST OF EVALUATION DESCRIPTORS WAS DEVELOPED AND IS BEING TESTED. PROMISING GENOTYPES WILL BE FIELD TESTED IN THE BREEDING RESEARCH PROGRAMME.
A PRELIMINARY TEST OF 4 GENOTYPES ON THEIR HOST STATUS FOR THE ROOT KNOT NEMATODE MELODOIGYNAE HAPLA SHOWED REPRODUCTION ON ROOTS OF TWO CVS. THERE WAS NO EVIDENCE OF DAMAGE TO THE ROOTS CAUSED BY THE NEMATODES.
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- social sciences economics and business economics production economics productivity
- natural sciences biological sciences biochemistry biomolecules carbohydrates
- natural sciences biological sciences botany
- agricultural sciences agriculture, forestry, and fisheries agriculture horticulture vegetable growing root crops
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Coordinator
6708 PB Wageningen
Netherlands
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