Objective
A handbook has been developed to provide climatological data which can be used as an input for the design of passive solar buildings and solar systems. Solar radiation data for 37 typical European locations are presented, including: monthly average global and direct solar irradiation for several surfaces (types of receiver, orientation and inclination); and cumulative frequency and utilisability curves of solar irradiance. Ambient temperature data are presented for 186 European locations as monthly average ambient temperatures and monthly degree days at several base temperatures. A set of methods and algorithms are also given for the reconstitution of these parameters at places where little information is available, and examples of design tools are included.
WITHIN THE GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF OPSYS (GATHERING OF ALL THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE ABOUT THE PERFORMANCE OF ACTIVE SOLAR SYSTEMS), IT IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT TO HAVE WELL-CALIBRATED SIMPLIFIED METHODS SUITABLE FOR ENGINEERING OF THE SYSTEMS. THE METHOD FOR INDIVIDUAL SYSTEMS (ESM1) ELABORATED IN THE PREVIOUS R&D PROGRAM (81-83) HAS BEEN TRANSFORMED INTO A CONVENIENT SOFTWARE READY FOR PUBLIC RELEASE (ESM1-4). THE METHOD FOR COLLECTIVE SYSTEMS, NAMELY MEDIUM SIZED WATER HEATERS (ESM2) HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED AND IS BEING VALIDATED AGAINST EMGP2, OUR EUROPEAN REFERENCE. A HANDBOOK HAS BEEN WRITTEN, MEANT AS A REFERENCE BOOK IN ENGINEERING OF ACTIVE SYSTEMS.
THE METHODS ESM1 AND ESM2 ARE BASED UPON ORIGINAL MATHEMATICAL DERIVATIONS OF THE AVERAGE BEHAVIOUR OF ACTIVE SYSTEMS. THEY USE CLOSED FORM REPRESENTATIONS OF STRATIFICATION AND OF THE UTILISABILITY OF THE INCIDENT SOLAR RADIATION. THIS SOUND BASIS ALLOWS VERY ACCURATE OPTIMIZATION OF DESIGN PARAMETERS LIKE HEAT EXCHANGER PARAMETERS AND LEAD TO A GOOD ACCURACY WHEN ESM2 IS COMPARED WITH EMGP2, OUR EUROPEAN REFERENCE.
THE FINAL PRODUCTS OF THE STUDY CONSIST OF:
- SCIENTIFIC RESULTS FOR THE UNDERSTANDING OF ACTIVE SOLAR SYSTEMS (DESIGN PARAMETERS, SENSITIVITIES,...) AND OTHER SYSTEMS WITH A STORAGE (STRATIFICATION, CONTROL,...)
- TWO PIECES OF SOFTWARE AVAILABLE ON THE MARKET AT LOW COST: ESM1 (INDIVIDUAL SYSTEMS) AND ESM2 (MEDIUM SIZED WATER HEATERS) WITH THE CONVENIENT METEOROLOGICAL DATA (PROVIDED BY EUFRAT)
- DOCUMENTATION ON THE VALIDITY OF THE METHODS, FOR SPECIALISTS, INCLUDING A SYSTEMATIC CHECK OF CONSISTENCY WITH EURSOL AND EMGP2
- A HANDBOOK PUBLISHED BY A WELL KNOWN PUBLISHING HOUSE EXPLAINING THE DESIGN AND ENGINEERING OF ACTIVE SOLAR SYSTEMS, AND SERVING AS BASIS FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN AIDS.
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- natural sciences computer and information sciences software
- natural sciences earth and related environmental sciences atmospheric sciences meteorology solar radiation
- medical and health sciences health sciences infectious diseases RNA viruses HIV
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Coordinator
75272 PARIS
France
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