Objective
Treatment with high activities of radioiodine (1-131) is an effective means to ablate tumor remnants in the neck after surgery for thyroid cancer. Radioiodine treatment is less effective in patients with metastases (depending on the size and the location of secondaries). The problem in those cases is that frequently the conventional way of radioiodine treatment with standard activities either dose not give enough radiation dose to the secondaries or leads to unnecessarily high exposure to healthy tissue (as for example lungs or bone marrow).
This problem recently gained interest because children with thyroid cancer after the Chernobyl accident frequently present with lung metastases. The project coordinator had treated 99 children from Belarus who developed thyroid cancer after Chernobyl, with more than 309 courses of fractionated radioiodine therapy since April 1st, 1993. 48 of the children presented with lung metastases, in only 17 cases treatment in the conventional way was effective up to now. In two cases pulmonary fibrosis as a severe side effect of radioiodine treatment developed and in additional four cases a decrease of vital capacity as an early indicator of the development of pulmonary fibrosis had been observed.
The aim of this project is to improve dosimetry for radioiodine treatment of thyroid cancer with special focus on children with thyroid cancer after Chernobyl. For this reason an improved dedicated measuring system will be constructed for measurements of radioiodine-kinetics during treatment. The mass of thyroid carcinoma metastases will be determined by CT, MRI and SPECT. To quantify radiation dose to lung metastases and healthy tissue different dosimetric models will be applied and improved with respect to inhomogeneous distribution of iodine 1-131. Additionally Monte-Carlo-simulations will be used for the determination of critical dosimetric parameters for the lung. The experience gained by those techniques will be applied to patients with thyroid cancer who will be treated at 3 large hospitals in Westem Europe (Wuerzburg, Amsterdam, London) and in the Centre for Thyroid Tumors in Minsk (Belarus). In the case of 1-131-doses shown to be inefficient by quantitative dosimetry for ablation of residuing pulmonary metastases of thyroid cancer fractionated radioiodine treatment criteria will be developed for stopping therapy to avoid side effects (such as pulmonary fibrosis and leukemia). This improved treatment protocol will be applied to children with thyroid cancer from Belarus. On an European level, the project will improve the effectivity of radioiodine treatment and reduce the frequency of ineffective treatments with high risk for side effects.
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Programme(s)
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Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Topic(s)
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Funding Scheme
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Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Coordinator
97080 Würzburg
Germany
The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.