Objetivo
The demo project "Herbrechtingen" envisages one non-polluting tubular turbine as a horizontal kaplan turbine. Technical data : H=2,6 m, Q=6,5 m3/s, P=146,5 kW, expected annual output 1050 MWh. The application of this turbine type is suitable especially for low heads and limited space for turbine arrangement. It is intended to elaborate standardized design for this type of turbine. Innovation is claimed for performance with no direct contact of oil and water-method parts with the turbined river water, for maintenance-free bearings and for the elaboration of a standardized design. The standardization redeems the higher costs of the kaplan runner.
Since September 1990 the first prototype ANT is running and the innovations "oilfree runner with external runner adjustment" as well as "the compact design " can be demonstrated.
The measurements carried out verify the high turbine efficiency reaching more than 91%. In spite of constant low water flow the energy produced in 1993 was about 556.000 kWh, that already gives a payback time of only 12 years.
Standardization work for modular ANT series supported by EG led to a cost reduction of 34% compared with conventional pit turbine in spite of the higer effort for the special environment protections.
Therefore at the official end in December 1993 this EG-demonstration project can be defined as "successful" for the customer as well as for the producer. The axial flow low-head turbine ANT can be offered now as the appropriate economic solution for new hydro power plant or for rehabilitation projects specially on small rivers in Europe.
The ANT is a kaplan turbine. It is double-regulated, i.e. the runner and distributor are controlled simultaneously. The relationship between runner and distributor position defined in the governor is optimized according to the plant data.
This regulating principle results in a maximum annual capacity even when the supply of water differs greatly. In order to efficiently utilize (until now less used or not economically used) lower heads, a higher specific flow rate is a prerequisite. The high specific flow rate (spec. capacity) results in an extremely COMPACT turbine. The hub ratio is = 0.35. Lower heads are possible. Thus the head for smaller turbines with a runner diameter of DN o 1.7 m is approximately H 0.8xDS as the lower limit. At a larger runner diameter, the smallest possible head significantly smaller.
The power is taken from the rotational flow generated by the adjusted distributor and from the optimally adjusted runner. Via the shaft the power is transmitted to the gearunit the power is then transmitted at high rotational speed to the generator.
The angular gear unit is inserted in the hollow pier. The generator is coupled vertically to the output shaft of the angular gear unit.
The water flow system of the ANT has several points where there is a risk of water contamination. These areas are the distributor, the runner and the seal at the shaft to the runner.
The distributor is sealed against the wicket gate systems. Furthermore, all bearings are maintenance-free bushings without lubricants. This well-known method prevents all conceivable contamination of the operating water.
The innovative factor is the use of this technology also in an adjustable runner. Centrifugal forces and high dynamic forces during unsteady flow are the reasons why machine elements such as maintenance-free bushings have not until now been used in the runner. Many manufacturers also have the oil servomotor, required for adjustment of the wicket gates, located in the hub. The oil filling of the hub customary up to now therefore lubricates the bearings and prevents corrosion in the hub, so that low price materials can also be used in the runner. The hub free from lubricants and operating materials also has the consequence the oil servomotor is taken out of the hub. Furthermore, corrosion-free materials must be used in the hub (corrosion-free also in a water quality where the pH value has the tendency of always being lower).
The lubricant and operating material-free hub is therefore more expensive than traditional solutions. This is intended to be compensated for by value analysis and standardization.
The economic aspects according to the originally planned demonstration "Herbrechtingen" are: - nominal output P=145, 5 kW
- nominal discharge Q=6,5 m3/s
- nominal head H=2,57 m
- operational t=8640 h/yr
- expected work= W=1052,4 MWh/yr
Savings are
- higher nominal output - personnel and operating costs - reliable for the future - fast commissioning.
Ámbito científico (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS clasifica los proyectos con EuroSciVoc, una taxonomía plurilingüe de ámbitos científicos, mediante un proceso semiautomático basado en técnicas de procesamiento del lenguaje natural. Véas: El vocabulario científico europeo..
CORDIS clasifica los proyectos con EuroSciVoc, una taxonomía plurilingüe de ámbitos científicos, mediante un proceso semiautomático basado en técnicas de procesamiento del lenguaje natural. Véas: El vocabulario científico europeo..
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Régimen de financiación (o «Tipo de acción») dentro de un programa con características comunes. Especifica: el alcance de lo que se financia; el porcentaje de reembolso; los criterios específicos de evaluación para optar a la financiación; y el uso de formas simplificadas de costes como los importes a tanto alzado.
Coordinador
89509 Heidenheim
Alemania
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