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Towards a new Russia? Changing images and uses of law by ordinary people

Objectif

One of the most crucial questions in the on-going transformations of the Russian society is the role of the new post-Soviet set of laws in the everyday life of the Russian population. Traditionally the Russian state has been based more on the rule of power than on the rule of law. In the new market- and democratically oriented- Russia, the role of laws has changed. However it still remains an open question if and how far these system changes have been adopted by people in their everyday life.

The objectives of this project are the following:

to contribute to the knowledge of the impact of recent economic, political, social and legal changes in Russia on everyday life through assessing the role of law for individuals at the level both of individual representations of law and of uses of law by individuals;

to determine the factors influencing "legal consciousness" of Russian people;

to investigate the variations of legal consciousness: a) in different fields of social life (relationships between the citizen and the state, professional life, private life); b) according to variables of age, gender, type of education, professional activity and income level; c) according to the type of high/low economic development of the local context.

The proposed research project is located at the intersection of two research fields: sociology of everyday life and sociology of law. It is designed so as to give answers to the main questions asked in the two main scientific fields concerning, at the same time, the relationships of the individuals to the law and the changes in their value systems and life strategies.

The research strategy will follow two stages:

the aim of the survey to be carried out in the first stage is to determine the present day "landscape" of individual representations of law in Russia according to age, gender and social background as well as its evolution in comparison with the results of the previous survey conducted in Russia in 1993 and 1995;

the aim of the survey and interviews to be carried out in the second stage is 1) to investigate the uses of law by various categories of Russian adult population a) according to different fields of legal regulation, b) according to people's social-demographic categories, c) acording to the fact they work in private or public sector, d) according to the fact they live in a town/region with a high/low level of economic development. It is also to compare the cultural pattern of representations defined during the first stage with uses of law people make in the daily life reality.
The expected results of such a research study are the following:

they will have a predictive value as to the further evolution of Russian society concerning especially: the persistence or evolution of a model of strong expectations toward the State, the development or limits of individual initiative, the persistence of the individual focus on family or its progressive opening on civil society;

they will help to the development of the two scientific fields concerned - sociology of everyday life and sociology of law - by increasing knowledge on the functioning of law in a society through its appropriation by individuals, by helping to define the social conditions in which the traditional Russian supremacy of "moral" rules may yield to the newly perceived usefulness of common legal rules.

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National Center for Scientific Research
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Adresse
44 rue de l'Amiral Mouchez
75014 Paris
France

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