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Over 20 catalyst samples (ZSM-11, Beta and MCM-41-type materials) have been synthesized and characterized in order to cover a broad range of aciditydistributions and textural properties. Particular efforts have been devoted to the generation of stable acid sites on mesoporous MCM-41 type catalysts. The resultsof these studies have been the matter of two communications at internationalsymposia.
On the basis of results obtained in the batch experiments, two samples, namelyFe/Al-Beta and Al-Beta were chosen for testing in flow conditions. From the series of synthesized samples with BEA structure type these catalysts exhibited the highest activity and stability at low temperature liquid-phase benzene alkylation with propene. Catalytic runs were carried out in stainless steel down-flow reactor at 150and 200°C under a pressure 30atm with a WHSV=15h-1 and benzene to propenemolar ratio of 6.6. Both catalysts at these experimental conditions showed high activity and stability with time on stream. Propene conversion was about 97% and no changes neither in reagents conversion nor in product selectivity were observed during 3 hours runs.
The catalyst Al-Beta, having more strong acid sites compared with Fe/Al-Beta,showed selectivity towards IPB and IPB+DIPB. On the sample Fe/Al-Beta,selectivity decrease was observed due to the formation of heavy alkylaromatic compounds (C10+). The acidity of this catalyst was not strong enough to prevent reaction of propene oligomerisation (to support reverse reaction), responsible for low selectivity. Concerning formation of NPB - the most undesirable by-product incumene synthesis - the higher acidity leads to higher concentration of this product,especially at higher temperature. At 200°C, on the most acidic catalyst Al-Beta, the amount of NPB was two times more than Fe/Al-Beta. Thus, the best performances in terms of activity, stability and selectivity towards propylbenzenes in liquid phase benzene alkylation below 200°C are exhibited by the sample Al-Beta.
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