CORDIS provides links to public deliverables and publications of HORIZON projects.
Links to deliverables and publications from FP7 projects, as well as links to some specific result types such as dataset and software, are dynamically retrieved from OpenAIRE .
Deliverables
The objective of the Joule project was to develop 50 kW SOFC technology based on the multiple cell array concepts of Siemens with a metal separator plate. The existing technology had to be up-scaled to bigger stacks and the behaviour of cells and stacks using methane as fuel gas had to be tested and improved.
The 20 kW test facility, developed in the JOE2 project, was finished and two 50 layer stacks were manufactured and operated in this test stand. Using hydrogen and air at 900 degree Celsius a power output of 7.2 kW was achieved. This test confirmed the feasibility of the chosen assembly concept of parallel-operated stacks and of the corresponding plant concept. The static and dynamic plant behaviour and different components were pre-tested at 850 degree Celsius for more than 2000 hours with a heated stack dummy. On this basis a concept for the 50 kW class plant, operated with natural gas, was elaborated. Based on 10% pre-reforming of natural gas, as derived from system modelling and cell testing, the design of the pre-reformer as well as of a low temperature desulphurisation device for the 50 kW testing plant was fixed and the components were manufactured. The cell and stack technology including improvements of the sealing technique was validated using smaller stacks.
The size of the active electrode area of one bipolar plate was increased by a factor of 2.8 by assembling an array of nine cells of the size 10x10 cm(2) with a total electrode area of about 720 cm(2) per layer. Two four-layer stacks of this kind were operated for about 4000 hours each, one of them mainly with methane.
The performance of the cells could be improved in such that the power density was nearly doubled, which allowed a reduction of the operating temperature down to 850 degrees Celsius. In two 10,000 hour tests degradation rates of the cells below 0.5% per 1000 hours were demonstrated. Metal stacks showed a degradation of at least 3 % per 1000 hours, measured in 5000 hours tests. The difference in degradation between cell and stack was proven to be mainly due to the interface layer formed between nickel grid current collector on the anode side and the bipolar plate material CrFe(5)Y(2)O(31) and counter measures could be demonstrated successfully.
With scandia doped electrolytes together with a double layer anode a power density of about 0.45 W/cm(2) could be reached at 850 degree Celsius using methane (S/C = 2) and air.
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