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Content archived on 2024-05-07

Rational use of energy in electrochemical processes to recover metals and to regenerate metal ions containing aqueous liquids from industrial plants using hydrogen

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Links to deliverables and publications from FP7 projects, as well as links to some specific result types such as dataset and software, are dynamically retrieved from OpenAIRE .

Exploitable results

Result Nr. 1: -For the first time gas diffusion electrodes (GDE) with a breadth up to 20 cm were produced with the reactive mixing and rolling technique. Moreover, the production technique was simplified and improved. Result Nr. 2: -New materials for the metal net of the gas diffusion electrodes and the metal frame of the cell of ElectroCell containing AB had to be found. It was decided to use a GDE supported with titanium net and with a proton exchange polymer suspension (Nafion suspension) impregnated gas diffusion electrode surface. Result Nr. 3: -It is concluded that the experiments at pH 8.1 give the best results for the metal separation and for the current efficiency of nickel deposition. Therefore, the following procedure is proposed for metal ions that are dissolved in a solution from the electrochemical drilling: -Filter the acidic ELDIM solution to remove Mo and W. -Increase pH up to 8 by adding NH4OH to remove Al, Cr, Ti, Ta, Mg and Si. -Filtering to separate precipitates from the liquid. -Electrodeposition with filtrate. Result Nr. 4: -A successful method to separate metals and electrodeposit Ni and Co has been found. In this method, the increase of pH is obtained with NH4OH (or NH3 gas) due to the formation of soluble nickel-ammonium and cobalt-ammonium complexes, which remain in solution. Cr should be removed to make a high current efficiency for the Ni and Co deposition possible. A current efficiency of the electro-deposition of both the metals Ni and Co higher than 40% can be attained. This procedure could be further improved by applying electrodialysis after the first filtration to decrease the acidity of the solution (up to about pH 4), after which the solution is treated with NH4OH (or NH3 gas). If electrodialysis would be successful, that would diminish the amount of waste. Result Nr. 5: -Successful experiments have been done in the nickel pilot plant both using a normal electrodialysis cell using a hydrogen gas diffusion anode and in a special electrodialysis cell using a DSA anode and an open cathode compartment. Both methods are worth further research and development. The open compartment was a special design. It had the normal sizes of the MP cell.

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