Innovative components for decentralised combined heat and power generation from biomass gasification

Información del proyecto

Identificador del acuerdo de subvención: JOR3980291

Proyecto cerrado

Fecha de inicio 1 Agosto 1998

Fecha de finalización 31 Julio 2000

Financiado con arreglo a

• Specific programme for research and technological development, including demonstration in the field of non-nuclear energy, 1994-1998

Coste total

Sin datos

Aportación de la UE

Sin datos

Coordinado por

Universität Gesamthochschule Essen
Germany

Objetivo

Project Objectives

The objective of this project is to enhance the technical and economical viability of small up to medium sized (1.0 to 2.5 MW power output) decentralised biomass CHP units basing on the combination of gasification technology and gas engines which are designed for rural areas in Europe and developing countries. The project is designed for a clear assessment of two different gasification technologies (pressurised air blown and pressurised advanced steam blown fluidized bed gasification) against a wide spectrum of operating conditions which means a temperature range of 700 to 925 C and a pressure range of 0.5 to 1.0 MPa. Three different kinds of biomass will be considered as there are birch, salix and crushed pelletised straw. Main goal of the project is to minimise the impurities (condensable tar and dust) of the gas up to 50 mg/Nm3 in order to receive a suitable gas for a gas engine. Furthermore, a robust gas engine will be designed and adapted for direct utilisation of the biomass fuel gas generated without extensive gas cleaning between the gasifier and the engine in order to simplify the overall system. However, the acceptable amount of tar for utilisation of the biogas in a gas engine depends on the optimal gas inlet temperature which has to be defined.
Technical Approach

Experiments on air and steam blown gasification will be carried out using three types of biomass. For comparison of both gasification modes the same pressurised fluidized bed gasifier will be used in order to receive comparable results. For minimisation of the tar content also tar cracking processes by the bed material of the reactor will be taken into account. If necessary in addition further tar cracking can be achieved by injection of oxygen or air in the biogas. Regarding the robust gas engine a fast hydraulical valve actuating system will be developed which withstands the stress at gas inlet temperatures up to 1 60 C and which is able to charge the cyclinder of the engine sufficiently. This includes pre-tests and a new design of the inlet valves of the engine. The experience gained from the test runs will be used for engineering of a well tuned highly integrated overall system consisting of an allothermal steam blown pressurised fluidized bed gasifier (2.5 MW,h) and a lean engine at an economical size in the range of 1.0 to 1.5 MW power output.
Expected Achievements and Exploitation

- Experiences on biomass gasification concerning efficiency, conversion rate, gas composition in particular with respect to tar content minimisation. - Design of a robust lean engine for biomass gas utilisation. - Engineering of an overall system for decentralised biomass utilisation at a commercial size. Implying the availability of economical biomass conversion systems, in particular decentralised applications in the range of l to 10 MWel) this market could be developed.
The dissemination strategy of the partners is to continue in the development, to publish results of their investigations in order to indicate the prospects of the biomass technology and to offer this technology on the market. The expected aim of this project is to improve European companies' market position in the field of engine manufacturing. The marketing of the robust lean engine for biomass gas utilisation to be developed in this project will be forced and assured by the industrial partners involved.

Ámbito científico (EuroSciVoc)

• ingeniería y tecnología › ingeniería eléctrica, ingeniería electrónica, ingeniería de la información › industria electrotécnica › ingeniería eléctrica › generación de energía eléctrica › producción combinada de calor y electricidad
• ingeniería y tecnología › ingeniería ambiental › energía y combustibles
• ciencias agrícolas › biotecnología agrícola › biomasa

Programa(s)

• FP4-NNE-JOULE C - Specific programme for research and technological development, including demonstration in the field of non-nuclear energy, 1994-1998

Tema(s)

• 03050102 - R&D on combined heat and power production by systems based on gasification of biomass rated from a few kWe up to about 5MWe

Convocatoria de propuestas

Datos no disponibles

Régimen de financiación

CSC - Cost-sharing contracts

Coordinador

Universität Gesamthochschule Essen

• Aportación de la UE: Sin datos
• Dirección: Universitätsstraße 2-17 ; 45141 Essen ; Alemania
• Coste total: Sin datos

Participantes (3)

GRAZ UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

Austria

• Aportación de la UE: Sin datos
• Dirección: 24/II,Kopernikusgasse 24 ; 8010 GRAZ
• Coste total: Sin datos

Jenbacher Energiesysteme AG

Austria

• Aportación de la UE: Sin datos
• Dirección: 1-3,Achenseestrasse 1-3 ; 6200 Jenbach
• Coste total: Sin datos

Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan

Suecia

• Aportación de la UE: Sin datos
• Dirección: Teknikringen ; 100 44 Stockholm
• Coste total: Sin datos