Objective
CFC refrigerant working fluids attack the ozone layer and their utilization in future will be strongly limited.
The objective of this project is to quantify the properties of non-CFC refrigerants based on mixtures of HCFC and HFC compounds (which are planned for production) and to investigate the technical properties involved in their utilization as replacements for R22.
The outcome will be a much better understanding of the use of refrigerant mixtures with the results being presented in a manner, not available at present, which will allow them to be used directly by refrigeration designers and installers.
Equations of state for working fluids and mixtures were developed. Other equations described the physical properties, viscosities, and thermal conductivities. These equations can be used in engineering design for new refrigeration systems, together with their methods for calculating entropy and enthalpy. Studies into flammable refrigerants identified accident scenarios and presented risk calculations. These showed that maintenance is the most dangerous period, and suggested that thorough training for installers should be considered of prime importance. A new generation of synthetic oils was developed for use as compressor lubricants together with theoretical models on general compatibility between refrigerant mixtures and compatible lubricants.
The outcome will be a much better understanding of the use of refrigerant mixtures with the results being presented in a manner, not available at present, which will allow them to be used directly by refrigeration designers and installers.
Extensive studies have been carried out of single-fluid and fluid mixture replacements for R12. These have included qualification of properties and examination of lubrication effects.
The properties of suitable available and planned pure working fluids will be quantified and the vapour liquid equilibria and other thermodynamic data will be determined for carefully selected binary and tenary mixtures. This work will be carried out by Chalmers University (UC), University of Ancona (UA), CNR Istituto per la Tecnica del Freddo (ITF), Ausimont SpA (AM) and University of Las Palmas (ULP). This work will be supplemented by consideration of new factors which arise out of the need to include flammable working fluids (ITF, TNO and University of Ulster (UU), and by an important study aimed at presenting the results in a way which will allow commercial refrigeration companies to design plant using these new and much more complex working fluids (University of Hannover (UH), UU, UC, TNO, ITF).
The problems of lubrication with these complex fluids will also be investigated (UU, UH, AM, Industria Scamblatori SpA-ISC) and these investigations will include establishing thermodynamic properties of selected mixtures including the non-volatile oil component.
Finally, a small number of ancillary studies into performance evaluation, compact heat exchangers (UU, ISC), and the effect of falling film evaporators will be carried out.
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- engineering and technology mechanical engineering tribology lubrication
- engineering and technology mechanical engineering thermodynamic engineering
- natural sciences earth and related environmental sciences environmental sciences ozone depletion
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Programme(s)
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Topic(s)
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
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Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
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Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
Funding Scheme
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Coordinator
BT52 1SA COLERAINE
United Kingdom
The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.