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Emissions Characterisation and Inventories

Objectif

Specific Objectives:

To contribute to the development of new/amended Directives for motorcycles (WMTC) and non-road engines (NRTC). To anticipate future needs by performing research related to fuel types, fuel consumption and emissions in fields of future importance. To provide technical expertise for the implementation of Community Strategy on dioxins in Candidate Countries and for the planned 2004 review of the Large Combustion Plants Directive. To set up and use a facility for the measurement of pollutants from co- combustion of waste in household furnaces, fireplaces and heating systems. The facility will then be used for the characterisation of non-regulated industrial emissions by means of advanced techniques with the view of introducing new standards/limit values. To improve the compilation of emission inventories from mobile and stationary sources, with focus on the contribution of small combustion sources to the dioxin inventories in the EU and CC.
To contribute to the improvement of the evaluation of the methodologies and the process of preparation of emission inventories in Member States and Candidate Countries. To act as training site for Member States, Candidate Countries, Balkan and Mediterranean States. To collect particulate matter data at an urban to regional scale through ad-hoc campaigns and measurement networks in order to determine the impact of sources on PM over Europe. The first measurement campaigns will be organised under controlled test conditions and in large metropolitan and background areas by means of mobile laboratories to chemically and physically characterise emissions from stationary and mobile sources. Anticipated milestones and schedule No.

milestone Date/Month 1Completion of motorcycle testing for WMTC 6 1Motorcycle testing and 2stroke PM emissions: Report9 1Non-Road engine test cycle development: Report 6 1Start engine testing7 2Vehicle auxiliary system testing: Progress / Interim Report6 / 12 2Start 4WD testing / Interim Report7 / 12 2Non-tailpipe emissions: Literature survey completed9 2Finish LCA tool testing9 3Assist implementation of Community Strategy: Report12 3LCP Directive, 2004 review: Interim Report 12 4Training exercises: Report12 4Emissions from small sources: Scientific Paper 9 5More reliable emission factors: Progress Report 12 6Results of first measurement campaigns: Progress Report 10.
Planned Deliverables:
Comparison of motorcycles test cycles and the related emissions (Report, Data) Methodology for non-road engines test cycle development (Report) Emissions from engines/vehicles for new technologies and new fuels (Data) Particulate emissions from 2-stroke engines (Data) Influence of vehicle auxiliary systems and 4WD (Progress/Interim Report) Study on non-tailpipe emissions from tyres (Interim Report) First version of Life Cycle Analysis tool Implementation of the Dioxin Strategy to Candidate Countries for the 2003 review by the Council (Report) Technical input to the 2004 review of the LCP Directive on limit values for Heavy Metals, new limits for dust (Interim Report) Reports on the training exercises with European, CC and other laboratories Scientific papers on the non-regulated emissions from small stationary sources. Improved emission factors for the compilation of emission inventories (Progress Report) Technical guidelines and harmonised methodologies for the preparation of emission inventories (Progress Report). Procedure for advanced chemical/physical fingerprinting of emission sources. A source apportionment approach through the Chemical Mass Balance Receptor Modelling and the use of chemical and isotopic markers (Progress Report).
Summary of the Action:

The action investigates emissions in terms of their physical/chemical characteristics and their contribution to air pollution. The main objectives in 2003 are the assessment and harmonisation of emission measurements, the contribution to the development of new regulations, improvement of emission inventories and the development of new source apportionment methods. The available test facilities and the chemistry lab will be used for training of young scientists. Keeping in mind the cross- border character of emissions and the special conditions in the Candidate Countries (CC), activities on emissions from small sources and most vehicle emission activities will be carried out in cooperation with Candidate and Balkan Countries, the new neighbours of an enlarged European Union. Rationale Transport, energy and industry contribute to most major air pollutants. Research on short- and medium-term development of combustion propulsion technologies, fuels and the related emissions will support the Commission's work on new or amended Directives for vehicle emissions. Long-term objectives, like the life- cycle analysis for future fuels and technologies will support technology foresight in transportation. Harmonisation of the emission measurements, methods development and standards validation are open topics related to emissions characterisation of large as well as small stationary sources. Research will support the work on Directives for incinerators and large combustion plants. The characterisation of emissions from mobile and stationary sources will be completed by field studies: source apportionment and emission inventories identify the sources contributing to the emission burden.

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Institute for Environment and Sustainability
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