Objective
The upsurge of interest in trace elements in coal has accompagnied the increase of use of coal over the last 10-15 years. Trace elements should be taken into account during coal mining, preparation, storage and in application (coking, power production or liquefaction).
For example, the quality of steel produced with cokes could be impaired by too high contents of As and P. The current concern on environmental consequences of the usage of coal has increased the need for information on the fate of trace elements especially during combustion in power plants. Elements of mainly environmental interest (fly ash, ashes, slags...) are As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Ni, Se. Coal combustion yields gaseous components (e.g. SO2, NOx, HCl, HF...) which, upon emission, undergo chemical reactions to finally form acid deposition. The elements S, N, Cl are also important from the point of view of corrosion of e.g. furnaces, boilers.
Aspects like calorific value and the contents of carbon and hydrogen are frequently determined because they are of prime importance to the user as energy carriers; therefore these values dictate the price of coal in a positive manner. The contents of ash, sulphur, etc. have a negative effect on the market price of coal.
The project involves certification of important parameters in coals. The coals chosen are typical for the main sectors of usage of coal: coaking for e.g. the steel industry, combustion in the power industry and liquefaction.
RESULTS
The contents of C, H, N, Cl, As, Cd, Mn, Hg, Pb, Se, V and Zn have been certified in three coals: Gas Coal (CRM 180), Coking Coal (CRM 181) and Steam Coal (CRM 182) as well as their ash content and their gross calorific value.
The certification of the sulphur contents of six coals, together providing a range of appr. 0.3 to 5 % by mass, was terminated in 1990 (EUR 12646 EN, 1990).
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- engineering and technology environmental engineering energy and fuels fossil energy coal
- natural sciences chemical sciences
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Coordinator
London
United Kingdom
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