Objective
To demonstrate the viability and the technical, sociological, administrative and economic implications of rural electrification using decentralized pv generators. 40 houses in isolated rural sites are electrified using either a 400 Wp, 800 Wp or 1200 Wp to supply either 24V dc or 220V ac at 50 Hz.
By this project it was possible to study the different aspects (technical, sociological, administrative and economic) of pv electrification on a rather extended scale. The general satisfaction of the users demonstrates the feasibility of this kind of electrification. Experience has shown, that there exist no technical problems; better user information concerning the efficient use of pv electricity is necessary.
The use of pv generators to electrify isolated sites in France begins to become economic for loads of less than 1 kWp, at distances greater than 2 km from the grid. There are about 10,000 unelectrified sites in southern France which fulfil these conditions, and which could therefore potentially be electrified by installing pv generators. In this project, pv generators have been installed in 40 rural houses in France. The houses were selected according to criteria such as the cost of grid connection, an even geographical distribution of sites which would allow a good statistical exploitation of the results and the motivation shown by the future pv user in participating in the project. The pv generators which have been installed have commonly been one of three standard sizes, 400 Wp, 800 Wp and 1200 Wp. Eighteen 400 Wp arrays, twelve 800 Wp arrays, six 1200 Wp arrays and two 1500 Wp arrays have been installed giving a total of 27 kWp. One of the 1200 Wp arrays serves 3 houses whichare situated close to each other. Either Photowatt monocrystalline silicon modules of type PWP 400, or Photowatt polycrystalline silicon modules of type PWP402 have been used.
The 400 Wp pv-generator is installed with a 350 Ah battery, with an output voltage of 24V dc.
The 800 Wp pv generator is either installed with a 600 Ah battery and supplies 24V dc or is installed with a 350 Ah/48V battery and a 1 kVa inverter and supplies 220V/50Hz ac.
The 1200 Wp pv generator is installed with a 600 Ah/28V battery, and 1 kVA inverter and supplies 220V/50Hz ac. Two types of inverter (SGTE and Faiveley) which have similar characteristics, an overload capacity of twice the nominal power, electronic load detection, and a sinusoidal output waveform are used in the project.
For the dc generators, the project's technical co-ordinator has advised users on the choice of energy efficient dc appliances.
The cost of the pv generators is as cheap as grid connection to many houses and can be cheaper thandiesel generation for small installations.
Each of the houses was monitored in a global way, according to the monitoring guidelines issued by JRC Ispra. Simple electro-mechanical Amp/hour and Watt/hour meters were read by the consumer every week. The readings were recorded on a data sheet which was sent to the project's technical co-ordinator at the end of each month.
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Programme(s)
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Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Coordinator
06565 Valbonne Cedex
France
The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.