Objective
For the exploration of hydrocarbons mainly the Seismic method is used. It is well known that with Seismics only unsufficient up to worthless results can be achieve in areas with strong topography, coverage of basalts or complex geology.
Preceeding studies have shown that the electromagnetic exploration technique has the potential to complete the seismics in these problem areas. To reach this goal it is necessary to improve both, the instrumentation and the processing techniques which are presently used.
The aim of the project is to develop an extended electromagnetic exploration technique which is based on automatic recording multistation configuration and to proof the applicability in an area of complex geology.
Within the framework of the project "Integrated Electromagnetic Exploration for Hydrocarbons" electromagnetic exploration should be improved and refined such that a productive tool for the exploration of oil and gas emerges.
When designing the multi-channel receiver for this project the following items had to be taken into account :
- Multi-receiver for time synchronous recording to increase accuracy.
- High portability of the systems for the field use.
- Flexibility to facilitate the use of different processing methods which were developed in the course of the project.
- Automatic recording mode to reduce the manpower required in the field.
The results of these considerations is a more flexible and portable instrument which has demonstrated its reliability in different field tests.
The advanced processing software which was developed in the course of the project allows a such better recognition and suppression of outliers in the EM-data. These outliers are caused by cultural noise and many lead to completely wrong results in the electromagnetic transfer functions. The new advanced processing increases the productivity as no more time intensive hand selection of distorted data is required.
Suitable algorithms for the rejection of man made noise were found and implemented and allow an improvement of the overall accuracy of the transfer function. An additional improvement of the data quality is reached by applying remote reference techniques.
The new extended interpretation methods allow a better interpretation of electromagnetic data gained in 3-D areas. It has been shows by Dr. Bahr that most of the 3-D structures can be separated into a local 3-D and a regional 2-D structure. This is achieved by the tensor decomposition method which was implemented into the interpretation software in cooperation with D. Bahr in the course of the project. The application of the extended interpretation methods enable a better resolution of complex geological structures. This could be demonstrated in a field test.
The total project was split into 3 phases :
In phase 1 the multi-channel receiver was developed and tested in the field. During this phase also the necessary hardware for system control was developed and tested. At the end of phase 1 altogether 3 multi-channel receivers were completed, documented and tested in the field.
Phase 2 focused on the development of the advanced processing software. Electromagnetic exploration always suffered from artificial "man made" noise. In the course of phase 2 an improved processing software was developed which is based on the robust method. The new data processing was tested and documented during a field test in an area with high cultural noise located in South Germany.
During phase 3 extended interpretation methods were developed allowing a better interpretation of complex structures in a 3-D area. A field test in an area with complex 3-D geology was carried out. By the application of the new extended interpretation of the area was achieved.
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Coordinator
38100 Braunschweig
Germany
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