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Coherent and cooperative phenomena in interaction of laser radiation with atomic Bose-Einstein condensates

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New physics and applications of nonlinear interaction of laser radiation with atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) will be investigated, both theoretically and experimentally. New nonlinear-optical phenomena arising in propagation of laser radiation through Beds will be investigated for configurations both with and without an enclosing optical cavity. The theory of interaction of laser radiation with BECs at finite temperatures will be developed taking into account the main mechanisms of condensate stability and instability. Modified Gross-Pitaevskii equations for BEC and coupled equations for the light-BEC interaction will be derived, and their analytical and numerical solutions will be found. The theory will allow us to find conditions of formation of stable condensates with a large number of atoms. Cooperative super-radiant scattering of laser light and conditions for maximum effectiveness of coherent probe-light amplification will be investigated taking into account local field effects. Nonlinear optical phenomena arising on propagation of laser radiation through BECs will be studied, including modulational instability, pattern formation, and formation of coupled atom-light solitons in atomic condensates. Dissipative-coupled atom-light solitons in driven interferometers with BEC will be examined for the first time. A combination of direct computer simulations and a semi-analytical approach, previously developed for optical solitons, is expected to give a complete picture of the physics of the solitons in BEC.

The first investigations of the effects of substantially non-classical statistical peculiarities (squeezing) of light scattered by BEC in atomic traps will be performed. Conditions of BEC formation by purely optical methods in spin-polarized atomic lattices formed by polarized laser radiation will be found. Schemes of formation of non-dissipative low-dimensional optical and magneto-optical lattices will be proposed and analysed. BEC quantum statistics effects and self-phasing processes of quasi-condensates in low dimensional structures created by optical fields will be studied. The possibility of the atomic wave packet lithography with BEC by coherent scattering in optical fields will be investigated, as well as the design of lenses and guides for BEC manipulation.

The predictions formulated in the theoretical work will be examined experimentally with Rubidium Bose-Einstein condensates in linear and toroidal traps. Using the theoretical and numerical methods derived and adopted for the real experimental conditions, thresholds and other figures of merit for novel phenomena such as modulational instability, soliton formation, and quantum optical effects will be derived. Definitive observations will then be attempted in tandem with the best simulations of these experiments.

Thus, a novel field of nonlinear optics with a crucially new type of the nonlinear material - Bose-Einstein condensate - will be developed and new approaches to applications of corresponding nonlinear-optical phenomena will be proposed and tested.

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University of Strathclyde
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Rottenrow 107
G4 0NG Glasgow
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Letzte Aktualisierung: 30 Oktober 2002

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Permalink: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/INTAS-2001-00855/de

European Union, 2024