Imaging and biomarker assault on allergic asthma
Severe AA can result in devastating asthma attacks and sometimes death. The 'Public private partnership for asthma imaging and genomics' (P3AGI) consortium has successfully developed AA models for new in vivo imaging techniques to identify candidate biomarkers of severe AA. Refined imaging techniques tested and validated included in vivo optical imaging with near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) probes to monitor lung tissue inflammation. This technique is also being used to track T cells treated with NIRF and is still ongoing. To assess changes in lung tissue as a result of asthma, the researchers used micro-computed tomography. Phase-contrast computed tomography was used to image inflammation and anatomical alterations within the lung of the asthma model at the same time. For diagnostic purposes, testing is underway using new NIRF-labelled nanoparticles to detect AA in mice. Detection of side-effects such as fluid retention, oedema within the lung, is being tested using new NIRF-labelled bovine serum albumin-based probes. Emphasis was also placed on therapeutic development and testing. The researchers pre-screened a panel of marine-derived natural compounds for efficacy and toxicity in vitro for the selection of candidates. They identified three compounds as potent anti-inflammatory candidates for further in vivo testing. The team also monitored the efficacy of treatment for AA using the frequently prescribed anti-inflammatory dexamethasone for comparison with a new treatment developed by one of the partners. With collaboration a key feature, the P3AGI project has advanced translational research by sharing data and protocols and conducting joint experiments. Training both experienced and early-stage researchers in the field of severe AA will equip the European research arena with a foundation of excellence for improved diagnostics and therapies for this disease that can result in reduced quality of life for patients.
