Reducing vulnerability to natural disasters
Standardised criteria and indicators required for vulnerability assessment were lacking across Europe until recently. Natural hazards such as floods, temperature extremes, droughts, landslides, earthquakes, wildfires and storm were studied by the EU-funded project 'Methods for the improvement of vulnerability assessment in Europe' (MOVE). Vulnerability assessment was carried out by scientists to reduce disaster risks by assessing elements of climate change from both theoretical and practical standpoints. MOVE's comprehensive quantitative and qualitative vulnerability assessment included all major pillars of vulnerability covering physical, environmental, economic, social, cultural and institutional criteria. Scientists evaluated existing methodology and modified or developed tools and indicators for the clear measurement of vulnerability for all scales and hazard types. Application of the generic framework and data analysis methods to seven case studies in different European regions enabled the development of a standard approach described in the project's 'Manual of Vulnerability Assessment in Europe'. An accompanying handbook presented the seven case studies. MOVE was unique in both its holistic approach bringing in all stakeholders and potential beneficiaries, as well as in its focus on the vulnerability to a hazard. Manuals and documentation were prepared in careful consultation with representatives from public administration, emergency management, politics and business to represent a consensus of European requirements. Scientists included the human factor in vulnerability and risk both before and after an event. Such work covered topics not previously addressed, including the intricate coupling between fires and human behaviour. The generic framework encompassing all the major pillars of vulnerability also covered factors such as resilience and coping capacity. MOVE members expect project results to have major impact on accurate risk estimation and enhanced disaster resilience. Standardising vulnerability assessment to adverse climatic events along with a reference manual for stakeholders could help in the preservation of human lives, livelihoods and infrastructure.
