The problems of teenage drinking
Youth alcohol abuse is a concern for Europe. Related aspects, such as binge drinking and the early age of commencement, create health and social issues. The EU-funded project 'Effective environmental strategies for the prevention of alcohol abuse among adolescents in Europe' (AAA-PREVENT) studied the topic. Running from January 2010 to March 2013, the 7-member consortium examined the extent and causes of adolescent drug and alcohol consumption in 25 European countries. In addition, the group investigated the complex relationships among risk factors, and considered potential solutions. The study concluded that alcohol consumption is common among Europeans aged 12 to 16, and that such usage is a serious problem in all countries. Typical consumption is of low-alcohol drinks such as beer and wine, with about 60 % of the studied population having mild experience with such beverages. In addition, approximately 34 % have used spirits, and nearly 10 % have tried cannabis. The proportion of users with frequent and/or high consumption was relatively low. While roughly 39 % of European youth were abstainers, with more females in this category, the percentages of alcohol consumption increase with age. European countries vary greatly in their usage patterns, corresponding to three main styles. Estonia has the highest levels and frequency of consumption, while Bosnia-Herzegovina and Iceland were lowest. In considering causes and protections, the study concluded that self-control was the most significant factor. However, that trait is strongly related to school, neighbourhood and family environments. Family situations can either increase risk of alcohol abuse or protect against it. Propensity towards illegal behaviours of a pupil's peer group also predicts alcohol abuse. The project determined that the respective risks and protections are unvarying across Europe. Nevertheless, cultural factors are very important, and youngsters reflect their local customs. Where acceptance of large consumption is high, so too is risky youth usage. Hence, a European-wide prevention strategy is not feasible. AAA-PREVENT documented the issues of European teen drinking, resulting in a clarification of cultural and other indicators in a final report. This will be available on the website. The work represents an important step towards finding culturally appropriate solutions in varying European contexts.
Keywords
Teenage drinking, youth, alcohol abuse, cultural factor, health, environmental strategies, prevention, adolescents, risk factor
