Descripción del proyecto
La experiencia infantil y su influencia en el aprendizaje de la lengua
Establecer en qué grado influye la experiencia en la adquisición de la lengua en niños resulta fundamental para comprender la cognición humana. Los métodos actuales no permiten contemplar en toda su magnitud las relaciones de causalidad de este proceso. El proyecto financiado con fondos europeos ExELang estudiará cómo el habla que escuchan los niños influye en cómo aprenden los sonidos y estructuras de su lengua materna, tal y como se representan en su propia habla. El proyecto aprovechará una técnica ecológica e innovadora basada en registros de voz obtenidos mediante una grabadora portada por el niño. ExELang programará algoritmos de aprendizaje automático para analizar quince corpus grandes de unas veinticinco mil horas de grabaciones de más de mil cuatrocientos niños de zonas urbanas y rurales de todos los continentes y que aprenden un gran abanico de lenguas.
Objetivo
"To what extent does experience affect child language acquisition? Answering this is crucial for our understanding of human cognition, but current evidence is insufficient because causal links between experience and outcomes cannot be established with typical approaches. We will study how the speech infants hear affects their learning of the sounds and structures of their native language, as represented in the speech the same infants produce, using an innovative and ecological technique: Audio-recordings collected with a recorder worn by the child throughout a normal day. Fifteen large-scale corpora will be combined, totaling over 25,000h of audio, collected from over 1,400 infants, living in rural and urban sites in every peopled continent, and learning a wide variety of mostly unrelated languages.
We will develop cutting-edge machine learning algorithms to automatically analyze these long, messy, and multilingual recordings. This will yield measures representing infants' experiences (the speech addressed to them, and the speech they overhear) as well as how advanced their own vocalizations are.
A subset of data come from Randomized Control Trials (RCTs) where treatment groups have received behavioral interventions aimed at increasing the quantity of speech infants are addressed. We aim to establish to what extent speech addressed to the infants and overheard speech affect their development by triangulating analyses of variation across individuals, cultures, and treatment-control contrasts.
In parallel, we will use a reverse-engineering approach to assess the theoretically-predicted effects of experience. A variety of learning mechanisms will be implemented in unsupervised learning systems which take as input audio like that heard by infants and produce as output ""vocalizations"". If a system yields the same experience-outcome curves found in the infants data, then those learning mechanisms plausibly resemble those used by infants."
Programa(s)
Régimen de financiación
ERC-COG - Consolidator GrantInstitución de acogida
75794 Paris
Francia