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Single Molecule Analysis in Nanoscale Reaction Chambers

Project description

One at a time, proteins enter a mini-examining room for structure-function check-up

Proteins are natural polymers created from building blocks of amino acids. They contain between 50 to 2 000 amino acids, each with an average of about 19 atoms, and the chain can take on quite complicated 3D shapes. Understanding protein function is highly dependent on studying protein structure, but the structure is fragile and can be disrupted by experimental protocols and processes. The EU-funded SIMONANO2 project will develop novel solid single-molecule chambers that facilitate analysis of individual protein reactions, eliminating the need for interventions that complicate experiments and results interpretation. The nanoscale reaction chambers promise unprecedented insight into molecular structure and dynamics.

Objective

Single Molecule Analysis in Nanoscale Reaction Chambers

Imagine that you would measure the average eye color of the population in Sweden. Clearly it would not say much about the colors of the eyes of the inhabitants. To obtain this information, one must of course study them individually. The same holds true for complex biological molecules, especially proteins, which may exist in many different configurations that cannot be resolved in an ensemble measurement. Heterogeneities in biomolecular structure and function limit our understanding of biology. To advance further it is vital that we study biomolecules individually. For proteins this is highly challenging since it must be done in a non-invasive manner under conditions similar to their native environment.

The SIMONANO project aims to develop a new platform for single molecule analysis which provides essential advantages. Proteins will be controllably loaded into solid nanoscale chambers, thereby eliminating the need of field gradient forces or surface immobilization. Furthermore, the proteins are entrapped at physiological conditions and small ligands can still access them quickly. Most importantly, the content is regulated on the single molecule level, i.e. proteins can be controllably loaded one at a time and different types of proteins can be introduced sequentially. Advanced (but established) fluorescence microscopy techniques will be used to detect the proteins and analyze their reactions.

The possibility to reliably entrap any desired number of proteins under physiological conditions and study their reactions will provide great scientific advancements in the life sciences. Once developed in this project, the nanoscale reaction chambers can become a tool used by biologists worldwide, which will advance our understanding of life on the molecular level. This will in turn lead to new applications in biotechnology and medicine.

Host institution

CHALMERS TEKNISKA HOGSKOLA AB
Net EU contribution
€ 1 999 550,00
Address
-
412 96 GOTEBORG
Sweden

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Region
Södra Sverige Västsverige Västra Götalands län
Activity type
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
Links
Total cost
€ 1 999 550,00

Beneficiaries (1)