Description du projet
Dévoiler les mécanismes de la perception orientée vers l’action
Par le passé, les neuroscientifiques considéraient notre cerveau comme un organe de traitement de l’information. Aujourd’hui, on le décrit plutôt comme un système générateur d’informations qui teste en permanence des hypothèses concurrentes sur le monde. Mais comme notre cerveau n’a pas un accès direct au monde extérieur, les prédictions peuvent être testées en générant des informations par l’action. Le projet PlasticityOfMind, financé par le CER, améliorera notre compréhension de la question en utilisant une combinaison innovante de psychophysique, de neuroimagerie, de réalité virtuelle et de modélisation chez des personnes en bonne santé, des patients atteints de la maladie de Huntington et des méditants experts. Les résultats feront la lumière sur les mécanismes neuronaux de la perception et de la cognition orientées vers l’action.
Objectif
The past decade has witnessed the emergence of a paradigm shift in cognitive neuroscience: from the traditional view of the brain as an information-processing organ to conceptions of the brain as an information-generating system, which continuously tests competing hypotheses about the world. This perspective, which resonates with action-oriented views of perception and cognition, assigns crucial importance to action: because the brain lacks direct access to the outside world, predictions can only be tested by generating information through action. Thereby, perception is strongly shaped by predictions about the sensory outcomes of actions, and may even constitutively rest on action. Goal-directed cognitive processes are similarly understood as internal predictive activity serving information generation, but covertly and over longer time scales (they are mental actions). Yet, the vast majority of human cognitive neuroscience studies has so far left the observer in a passive state, simply correlating externally-triggered neural activity to external task manipulations, and thus leaving it unclear how self-generated (mental) actions influence how we learn to perceive the world around us at the neural level. This ERC project aims to address this gap in knowledge using an innovative combination of psychophysics, neuroimaging, virtual reality, and modelling in healthy individuals, Huntington patients, and expert meditators. The research program comprises four projects, investigating 1) how we learn to predict the sensory outcomes of our actions and how this shapes perception; 2) the hypothesis that perception constitutively rests on action; 3) the plasticity of the higher-order cognitive operations that comprise mental actions; and 4) the control that people may exert over such mental actions. This promises to provide an integrative framework for understanding the neural mechanisms and plasticity of action-oriented perception and cognition, with clear clinical implications.
Champ scientifique
Programme(s)
Régime de financement
ERC-COG - Consolidator GrantInstitution d’accueil
1081 HV Amsterdam
Pays-Bas