Project description DEENESFRITPL A closer look at how the nucleus accumbens encodes opposing valences How does the mammalian brain encode rewarding and aversive events? The ERC-funded VALENCE project will find the answer. It will study how a positive (rewarding) valence stimulus elicits approach behaviours whereas a negative (aversive) valence stimulus supports avoidance behaviours. The project will focus on how the nucleus accumbens (NAc) encodes valence. NAc is a prime candidate to interface valence and behaviour, due to its privileged anatomical position. Specifically, it will record neuronal activity of rodents performing tasks with opposing valences, in combination with temporal- and spatially-resolved analysis of opioidergic transmission, using opioid fluorescent sensors. Show the project objective Hide the project objective Objective In an ever-changing environment, organisms evolved to filter information and focus on stimuli that are associated with relevant outcomes. Even the simplest animals assign valence to otherwise neutral stimuli in order to survive. A positive (rewarding) valence stimulus elicits approach, whereas a negative (aversive) valence stimulus supports avoidance behaviors. Decades of research revealed that some regions of the limbic system encode valence, including the nucleus accumbens (NAc), which is considered a prime candidate to interface valence and behavior. The NAc is mostly composed of GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs), divided into those expressing dopamine receptor D1 and dynorphin, and those expressing D2 and enkephalin. D1 and D2 neurons were assumed to encode opposing valence, but recent data by us and others revealed this model to be overly simplistic. That is - to date, it is still not known how valence is encoded in this region. The main goal of this project is to determine how NAc neurons encode valence. Based on preliminary data, we hypothesize that valence is encoded by distinct patterns of MSN activity. These patterns differentially signal via GABA and opioids (dynorphin, enkephalin), triggering rewarding/aversive behaviors. To test this hypothesis, we will record neuronal activity of rodents performing tasks with opposing valences, in combination with time- and spatially-resolved analysis of opioidergic transmission, using newly-developed opioid fluorescent sensors. This information will then be used to mimic/block patterns of MSN activity and opioid events in order to show causality. This cutting-edge approach will unravel with unparalleled accuracy how NAc encodes valence, the role of endogenous opioids, and how these signals are decoded in the circuit to drive behavior. VALENCE is a frontier opening project that will answer long-standing questions in the field, deepening the knowledge on how the mammalian brain encodes rewarding and aversive events. Fields of science engineering and technologyelectrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineeringelectronic engineeringsensors Programme(s) H2020-EU.1.1. - EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme Topic(s) ERC-2020-COG - ERC CONSOLIDATOR GRANTS Call for proposal ERC-2020-COG See other projects for this call Funding Scheme ERC-COG - Consolidator Grant Coordinator UNIVERSIDADE DO MINHO Net EU contribution € 1 988 266,00 Address Largo do paco 4704 553 Braga Portugal See on map Region Continente Norte Cávado Activity type Higher or Secondary Education Establishments Links Contact the organisation Opens in new window Website Opens in new window Participation in EU R&I programmes Opens in new window HORIZON collaboration network Opens in new window Other funding € 0,00 Beneficiaries (1) Sort alphabetically Sort by Net EU contribution Expand all Collapse all UNIVERSIDADE DO MINHO Portugal Net EU contribution € 1 988 266,00 Address Largo do paco 4704 553 Braga See on map Region Continente Norte Cávado Activity type Higher or Secondary Education Establishments Links Contact the organisation Opens in new window Website Opens in new window Participation in EU R&I programmes Opens in new window HORIZON collaboration network Opens in new window Other funding € 0,00
