Description du projet
Analyser l’échelle spatio-temporelle du volcanisme explosif en Turquie
Bien que de récentes études indiquent que de fines couches de cendres volcaniques sont issues d’importantes éruptions des volcans actifs d’Anatolie centrale (telles qu’identifiées dans des carottes de la Mer Noire, à l’Est de la Mer Méditerranée, dans des grottes en Égypte, ou dans de petits lacs de Roumanie), on sait peu de choses sur l’échelle spatio-temporelle du volcanisme explosif en Turquie. Le projet PUSKURUM, financé par l’UE, compte différencier et caractériser les produits pyroclastiques des éruptions explosives issues du volcan de caldeira Açigöl et des stratovolcans Hasandağ et Erciyes, qui sont les structures volcaniques les plus actives et les plus massives de la péninsule d’Anatolie centrale. PUSKURUM comblera le fossé entre le cadre téphrostratigraphique de la région la plus orientale de l’Europe, et reconstruira l’histoire du volcanisme explosif de la région, du Pléistocène supérieur jusqu’au Holocène. Cela permettra de mieux évaluer les risques volcaniques de ces volcans.
Objectif
The aim of this project is to differentiate and characterize the pyroclastic products from explosive eruptions produced by Açigöl caldera, Hasandağ, and Erciyes stratovolcanoes, which are the most active and largest volcanic structures of the central Anatolian peninsula. This study is necessary to complete the gap in the tephrostratigraphic framework of the easternmost part of Europe and to reconstruct the explosive volcanic history of the region during the upper Pleistocene – Holocene, and therefore, better assess the currently volcanic hazards posed by these volcanoes on the region. The main proximal pyroclastic units of the Central Anatolian Volcanic Province (CAVP) will be identified, mapped, logged, and sampled around major volcanoes. Afterward, their chemical composition and eruption ages will be determined in the laboratory to correlate them to tephra layers deposited in distal records (including sedimentary or paleoclimatic registers). Despite an increasing number of recent studies identified many fine volcanic ash layers that are thought to be from large eruptions of Central Anatolian active volcanoes (e.g. in cores from the Black Sea, Eastern Mediterranean Sea, caves in Egypt, or several small Romanian lakes), little is known about the spatial and temporal scale of explosive volcanism in Turkey. Correlation of these tephra layers by chemical fingerprint is essential to 1) synchronize records and identify their position in high-resolution palaeoenvironmental or archaeological registers, 2) estimate the volume and magnitude of the related eruptions, and 3) determinate how past explosive eruptions could affect the region and its occupants. Such tephrochronologic studies are important to improve our understanding of Anatolian volcanism and to more accurately constrain the hazards that the active volcanoes of CAVP pose to the often-large populations surrounding them (e.g. the 1.3 million people of Kayseri city).
Champ scientifique
Programme(s)
Régime de financement
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinateur
00185 Roma
Italie