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Understanding the origins of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) exposure in wild migratory birds and their health consequences

Description du projet

Mieux comprendre les polluants organiques persistants et leurs effets sur la faune sauvage

Les polluants organiques persistants (POP) sont des substances chimiques toxiques qui affectent la santé humaine et les écosystèmes du monde entier. Ils peuvent rester longtemps dans l’environnement, s’accumuler et passer d’une espèce à l’autre à travers la chaîne alimentaire. En se concentrant sur une espèce d’oiseau migrateur européen, le martinet à ventre blanc (Tachymarptis melba), le projet POPHEALTH, financé par l’UE, vise à élucider la manière dont les zones d’hivernage et de reproduction influencent l’exposition aux POP dans la nature. Les résultats contribueront à valider quels tissus décrivent le mieux l’exposition aux POP chez les oiseaux, en plus de faire la lumière sur la façon dont l’exposition aux POP affecte la santé et la forme physique.

Objectif

Human activities are imposing major environmental alterations in natural populations and ecosystems. One of these alterations is pollution, which is the introduction in natural environments of contaminants that can alter the health, reproduction and survival of free living organisms. Consequently, there is increasing concerns about the sources of exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and about their consequences on human health and on natural populations and ecosystems. POPs are known to persist in the environment and to bioaccumulate through the lifetime of organisms as well as to increase in concentration with each successive step in the food chain (biomagnification), therefore top predators as birds are used as bioindicators. Moreover, migratory animals as birds don’t have borders, and hence, one growing issue is that European breeding species may also become exposed to POPs when visiting non-European ecosystems, such as during migration to Africa where many POPs banned in the EU are still used there as pesticides. POPs can be measured in different tissues (e.g. feathers, preen oil, and blood), although it is less clear to which extent these measure. For instance, blood samples are expected to reflect rather recent exposure to POPs. Currently, no study has addressed how POPs accumulate in different tissues using repeated measures from the same individuals, and as such explore what types of samples are best describing POPs bioaccumulation. Therefore, by applying in a European migratory bird species (the Alpine swift, Tachymarptis melba) new tracking technologies and state-of-the-art physiological and biomolecular tools, the overarching aim of POPHEALTH is to improve our understanding of how wintering and breeding areas influence the exposure to POPs in the wild, to provide novel insights on the health and fitness consequences of exposure to POPs in a long-term perspective, and to validate which tissue best describe exposure to POPs in birds.

Champ scientifique (EuroSciVoc)

Mots‑clés

Programme(s)

Thème(s)

Régime de financement

MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)

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Appel à propositions

(s’ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre) H2020-MSCA-IF-2020

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Coordinateur

CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS
Contribution nette de l'UE
€ 196 707,84
Coût total
€ 196 707,84