Description du projet
Un examen approfondi du transfert de modèles dans la science: le cas de l’économie
En science, les modèles sont transférables d’un domaine à l’autre. Le même modèle sert à étudier la croissance du cancer en médecine, le cycle des affaires en économie et les interactions prédateur-proie en biologie. Comment est-ce possible? Le projet MODEL TRANSFER, financé par le CER, étudiera ces transferts de modèles. Il proposera une enquête philosophique complète sur ce phénomène, ses défis et ses implications pour les avancées scientifiques en combinant des approches de la philosophie et de l’histoire des sciences avec des méthodes informatiques qui sont elles-mêmes nouvelles pour la philosophie. Le projet développera et appliquera des outils méthodologiques et conceptuels pour étudier le transfert de modèles à travers les domaines scientifiques, ciblant particulièrement l’économie. Il étudiera également la contribution du transfert de modèles aux progrès scientifiques.
Objectif
How can a single model be used to study predator-prey interactions in biology, the growth of cancer in medicine, and the business cycle in economics? And how is this practice supposed to contribute to progress in science? To answer those questions, we need to understand how models are transferred across domains. While model transfer is one of the most pertinent phenomena in modern science, philosophers have not yet given it due attention. Our project will fill this lacuna in a ground-breaking way: we will provide a comprehensive philosophical investigation of model transfer, its challenges, and its implications for scientific progress by innovatively combining approaches from philosophy and history of science with computational methods that are themselves new to philosophy. Because the literature so far neglects model transfer in the social sciences, we will focus on economics as an exemplary case that provides insights for the social and natural sciences alike. The main objectives of this project are to: (1) develop methodological and conceptual tools to study model transfer across scientific domains; (2) apply those tools to philosophically investigate model transfer and its challenges in science; (3) explore the implications of our results for the relationship between model transfer and scientific progress. This project will place model transfer upfront on the philosophical agenda. Thereby, our research will impact an extensive literature on scientific models and modelling in philosophy of science and the social sciences. By applying computational methods to study model transfer, it will push their use in empirical philosophy of science and Integrated History and Philosophy of Science. It will challenge established philosophical concepts of progress in light of such model transfers. Finally, it will inform scientific and science policy debates about how to overcome challenges to model transfer so that progress in model-based science can be ensured.
Champ scientifique
Mots‑clés
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Thème(s)
Régime de financement
HORIZON-AG - HORIZON Action Grant Budget-BasedInstitution d’accueil
30167 Hannover
Allemagne