Political Animals: A More-than-Human Approach to Urban Inequalities

Descripción del proyecto

Los perros y las ratas influyen en la seguridad y la salud pública

Los animales desempeñan un papel importante en la creación y transformación de las desigualdades urbanas. Por ejemplo, los perros guardianes son entrenados para detectar a personas peligrosas a partir de marcadores de clase o raza. Las ratas prosperan en áreas de bajos ingresos con infraestructuras de saneamiento deterioradas. Teniendo esto en cuenta, el proyecto financiado con fondos europeos ANIMAPOLIS responderá a una pregunta: ¿Cómo coproducen las interacciones de los animales con los seres humanos y las infraestructuras la distribución desigual de riesgos y recursos entre los espacios urbanos y las poblaciones? Más en concreto, ¿a través de qué mecanismos podrían los perros guardianes coproducir prácticas de caracterización racial o la distribución de ratas y rodenticidas repercutir en los resultados de salud pública? En el proyecto se llevará a cabo una comparación cualitativa bidireccional entre diferentes contextos urbanos y entre diferentes animales, basándose en etnografías de múltiples especies en Ámsterdam y Río de Janeiro.

Objetivo

ANIMAPOLIS aims to understand the role of animals in the formation of urban inequalities, asking: How do animals’ interactions with humans and infrastructures co-produce the unequal distribution of risks and resources across urban spaces and populations? It focuses on two critical urban domains, security and public health, that are often characterized by stark inequalities, and takes the role of key animals within these domains – dogs and rats, respectively – as a unique analytical entry-point.

Urban inequalities are not only produced and transformed by people. Security dogs have been socialized to identify threatening individuals on the basis of classed and raced markers. Rats pose a public health risk, and thrive in low-income areas with decaying sanitation infrastructure. Urban scholars have recently begun to highlight the importance of infrastructures and technologies in configuring access to essential goods and services. While this research has provided key insights into how non-human entities mediate social relations, it has largely overlooked how animals, too, may co-produce inequalities.

While dogs and rats clearly play a role within security and public health, we know little about how they mediate urban inequalities related to these societal challenges. This project investigates such mechanisms by focusing first, on dogs’ and rats’ distinct biological specificities and cultural imaginations, and second, on the spatial, material and affective dimensions of their interactions with humans and infrastructure. The research design develops a two-way qualitative comparison, between different urban contexts and between different animals, through multispecies ethnographies of animal-human-infrastructure dynamics in Amsterdam and Philadelphia.

The project’s more-than-human approach extends theoretical and methodological innovations within urban anthropology, geography and human-animal studies in order to open new horizons on the study of urban inequalities.