Main activities performed during RP1 (M1 to M12):
- Collection of requirements and specifications of the Digital Twin Components (DTCs), MS1. A total of 65 different requirements were collected in terms of workflow management system, data and storage management, software deployment and execution tools, portability, usability, interoperability and accessibility.
- Design and development of the DT architecture (MS3) including early implementation of DTCs, set up of a workflow registry and software Catalog in an organization repository (
https://gitlab.com/dtgeo(s’ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre)) for managing the computational workflows centrally.
- Identification of a metadata scheme extending the current schema being used in EPOS-ERIC.
- Setup of the computational infrastructure (MS2) including technical support, design and setup of the FAIR quality-based ecosystem.
Main activities performed during RP2 (M13 to M24):
- Update and revision of the DTC’s requirements list (MS4 at M20).
- Provide seamless access to the EuroHPC FENIX infrastructure and resources.
- Containerized services or applications including docker, udocker and Singularity/Apptainer.
- Early population of the workflow Registry with the prototype versions of the 12 DTCs in order to fulfill the milestone MS5 at M24.
- Definition of the metadata required to describe DTCs, workflows and their components. This resulted in the Integration of the SQAaaS in the DT-GEO architecture.
Main activities performed during RP3 (M25 to M36):
- Consolidation and population of the centralised GitLab repository, recording of Workflow Provenance through the Workflows Hub Registry, integration of the Infrastructure Manager (IM) and the Workflow Registry, the adoption of a CI/CD approach to populate the individual containerised workflow steps to container registries, and the metadata catalog.
- Adoption of the Common Workflow Language (CWL) and Research Object Crate (RO-Crate) standards. CWL is used to define the computational steps, data flows, and tools, whereas RO-Crate captures the associated metadata, such as authorship, licensing and related datasets and software.
- Creation of a WorkflowHub FAIR registry to store such descriptions enables public access to the DTC workflows, thus contributing to a wider discoverability and reusability of the project’s outputs.
- Obtain the SQAaaS’ bronze-badge category for all the DT-GEO software.
- Extend the support to deploy advanced virtual infrastructures towards the EOSC EU Node, so that users can self-deploy their own virtualized clusters on the computing resources offered by the EOSC EU Node (beyond FENIX).
- Deployment and testing of the 12 DTCs in operational environments; i.e. the 12 so-called Site Demonstrators (MS7 at M36).
- Anthropogenic geophysical extremes (DTC-AGEF) integrated and tested in the EPOS EPISODES Platform.
- Drills and demonstrations co-designed with relevant stakeholders. Success stories include earthquakes (National drill in Mexico during September 2025) and the ash dispersal forecasts (e.g. volcanic ash advisory centers and exercises with civil national protections).
- Assessment and measure the degree of fulfillment of the different EU requirements for the different DTC’s that feature ML/AI tools/modules within its workflow (AI ethics).
Outcomes of the actions:
- Delivery of EPOS-DCAT-APv3 metadata schema. This achievement extends to DT-GEO as a key enabler of the latest version of the EPOS-DCAT-AP schema.
- An ecosystem exists to ensure EOSC-enabled data quality management through an automatic FAIR validation and interoperability between the DTCs. We can now deploy interoperable workflows using certified FAIR data.
- Final DTCs source codes are available in public repositories and at the target TRL 7, tested in operational environments (milestone MS6 at M32) and can run on EuroHPC systems (e.g. Leonardo/MN5), or cloud RIs (FENIX and EOSC EU Node). - As a result, we have for the first time a comprehensive, modular framework for geophysical extremes modelling.
- Relevant datasets have been produced and stored in EPOS and/or the Simulation Data Lake at CINECA (collaboration with Geo-INQUIRE).
- As a final conclusion, the geophysics community is now very well positioned to leverage and integrate the project outcomes into operations (DestinE and EPOS), enhancing the potential to support EU civil protection objectives. The 4 DTC-AGEF are already in the EPISODES Platform as a custom application, for the rest of DTCs actions have been taken towards an operational digital twin on geophysical extremes in the Destination Earth initiative (see below).
