Electrical tomography for phase change monitoring

Descripción del proyecto

Supervisión del cambio de fase mediante tomografías de impedancia eléctrica

Los materiales con cambio de fase (MCF) absorben y liberan calor (latente) cuando cambian de fase: por ejemplo, el agua libera calor al congelarse y absorbe calor al fundirse. Los MCF avanzados son un factor clave para la calefacción y la refrigeración con bajas emisiones de carbono. Su uso requiere una supervisión y un control inteligentes, dado el desajuste temporal entre la disponibilidad de energía y la demanda de calefacción/refrigeración. El equipo del proyecto ET4PCM, que cuenta con el apoyo de las Acciones Marie Skłodowska-Curie, creará el primer sensor de impedancia inteligente y no invasivo para supervisar la fracción líquida de los MCF al instante. El desarrollo de herramientas de control inteligente «in silico» en una empresa consultora de análisis predictivos y la aplicación de la tecnología de tomografía de impedancia eléctrica en un sistema del mundo real contribuirán a garantizar el éxito.

Objetivo

Heating/cooling demands represent more than half of energy consumption in households and drive most of energy-related GHG emissions in the residential sector. To achieve decarbonisation goals heating/cooling demands must be supplied with heat pumps driven by renewable electricity. However, the mismatch between energy availability and heating/cooling demand needs to be reconciled with low-cost, efficient and flexible energy storage. Latent thermal energy storage (LTES) with phase change materials (PCMs) is becoming a key enabling technology for low-carbon heating/cooling. However, smart control of LTES systems require monitoring of the liquid fraction, which determines the total stored energy. The present research proposal, ET4PCM, aims to develop a first-of-a-kind, smart, non-invasive, versatile impedance sensor to evaluate in real-time the liquid fraction evolution of PCMs in LTES. The ET4PCM sensor will provide detailed information regarding phase distribution evolution during freezing/melting of PCMs in macrocapsules (spherical or cylindrical shells). The project planning contemplates four key tasks, which correspond to the sub-objectives: SO1) Characterization and enhancement of electrical properties of PCMs, SO2) design of the electrical sensing system, SO3) experimental implementation and validation of the proposed sensing system, and SO4) Validation of ET4PCM technology in a real LTES. The research approach involves experimental, numerical, and theoretical research activities. I, Dr. Carolina Mira-Hernández will develop the ET4PCM project under the supervision of Pr. Simone Mancin at University of Padua (UNIPD), who is renowned expert in LTES. In addition, I will spend 3 months during a secondment at the start-up COWA, where I will deploy the ET4PCM sensor in a real-world LTES, and I will have a non-academic placement at HEXXCELL, a consulting company on predictive analytics, where I will develop “in silico” smart control tools for LTES.