Project description
Unravelling neural stem cell properties
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are a specialised type of stem cell that can give rise to various cell types found in the nervous system, including neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Despite their promising role in the maintenance and repair of the nervous system, their heterogeneity has hampered the full elucidation of their ‘stemness’. Funded by the European Research Council, the PEPS project aims to unravel the intricacies and stemness potential of neural stem cell (NSC) populations in the vertebrate brain. The working hypothesis is that spatiotemporal interactions among these diverse NSCs coordinate their behaviour. Project findings on ‘stemness’ will advance our understanding of NSCs and nervous system development.
Objective
Neural stem cell (NSC) populations in the vertebrate brain generate adult-born neurons for plasticity, growth, and repair. Neurogenic and gliogenic capacity, based on long-term NSC maintenance, functionally define “stemness”. Stemness embodies massive NSC heterogeneity at the single cell level and requires control of maintenance or differentiation decisions at the population level. These features remain mechanistically unreconciled. We hypothesise that spatiotemporal interactions among heterogeneous NSCs are coordinated to control the population behaviour. Thus, we propose a multi-dimensional project exploring these features in time and space, to decode the mechanistic principles of stemness. To this end, we bring together experimental and theoretical groups with complementary expertise in NSC biology, biostatistics and mathematical modelling. In an iterative experimental-mathematical approach, we will (1) solve the topology of individual NSC trajectories in transcriptomic space, (2) identify local cell-cell coordination mechanisms that impact these trajectories in situ, and (3) decode the resulting systemic properties and outputs of NSC ensembles at long-term and large spatial scales. This programme will result in original methods, including retrospective transcriptomics in single cells, innovative barcode transfers, and a novel mathematical framework to describe structured spatio-temporal population dynamics. We will focus on two biological model systems, the adult mouse ventricular sub-ventricular zone and zebrafish pallium, where NSC ensembles display comparable heterogeneity but differ in spatial organisation and fate dynamics. Together, PEPS will uncover the general principles and regulatory mechanisms of perpetuating stemness in time and space. It will lay the conceptual and methodological foundation to manipulate stem cell systems to improve their stability or output, and also produce new methods of universal value for studying cellular systems.
Fields of science
Keywords
- adult neural stem cells
- zebrafish pallium
- ventricular-subventricular zone
- spatio-temporal population dynamics
- single-cell multi-omics
- Barcoded-transfer connectome
- Brain injury
- Single-cell perturbations
- mathematical modelling
- structured population models
- partial differential equation
- high dimensional statistics
- dimension reduction
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Topic(s)
Funding Scheme
HORIZON-ERC-SYG - HORIZON ERC Synergy GrantsHost institution
69120 Heidelberg
Germany