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A leap towards SAE L4 automated driving features

Periodic Reporting for period 1 - MODI (A leap towards SAE L4 automated driving features)

Période du rapport: 2022-10-01 au 2024-03-31

The MODI project aims to accelerate the adoption of highly automated freight vehicles to improve the efficiency of European logistic chains. The introduction of CCAM solutions is expected to significantly impact the logistics sector by reducing costs, optimising operations, and enhancing overall transport safety and environmental sustainability.

MODI will demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of CCAM technologies through five real-life use cases along a logistics corridor on the TEN-T network from Rotterdam to Oslo. The corridor crosses four national borders and integrates operations at major ports and terminals in Rotterdam, Hamburg, Gothenburg, and Moss. The project will seek to overcome various barriers to the rollout of CCAM, including regulatory, infrastructural and technological challenges. By addressing these areas, MODI aims to pave the way for the adoption of automated freight vehicles across Europe.

The main objectives of MODI include the following key accomplishments:
1. Implementation of state-of-the-art technology: Introducing CCAM technology to the logistics sector and demonstrating its effectiveness through business-oriented and well-integrated systems.
2. Infrastructure and regulatory recommendations: Defining necessary adaptations in infrastructure and vehicle regulations and standards to support the broader deployment of CCAM solutions.
3. Business models and partnerships: Showcasing viable business models and partnerships that highlight the economic benefits of CCAM technologies in logistics.
4. Impact assessments: Conducting technical and socio-economic impact assessments and gap analysis to provide best practices and recommendations for future CCAM implementations.

MODI’s impact pathway is designed to address specific challenges and needs within the logistics sector:
• Demonstrations across the logistics corridor: MODI will showcase the potential of CCAM technologies in real-world conditions by conducting practical demonstrations along the corridor from Rotterdam to Oslo. This includes automated terminal operations and the seamless integration of public road transport with confined terminal areas.
• Overcoming barriers: The project will focus on overcoming regulatory barriers and infrastructure shortcomings, which are crucial for the successful deployment of automated vehicles. This includes addressing issues such as border crossings, access control, charging infrastructure, coordination with automated guided vehicles, and loading/unloading processes.
• Stakeholder collaboration: MODI brings together a diverse group of stakeholders, such as logistics companies, road operators,and vehicle and infrastructure providers, in co-creation processes. This collaboration is vital for bridging the gap between research and market readiness and ensuring that CCAM solutions are tailored to real-world needs and conditions.
• Added value for logistics and society: The project aims to prove that CCAM technologies can deliver significant economic benefits by reducing operational costs and enhancing efficiency. Additionally, by utilising battery-electric vehicles and optimising transport operations, these technologies can contribute to reduced emissions and improved environmental sustainability.

The MODI project is expected to impact the logistics sector by setting a benchmark for the future integration of automated freight vehicles in Europe. Its successful implementation can lead to reduced costs and enhanced logistics safety and efficiency, mitigating the effects of driver shortages in the labour market and improving the environmental performance of logistics operations.

In summary, the MODI project aims to take a significant leap towards the future of automated freight transport in Europe.
The initial phase of MODI has been primarily dedicated to defining relevant and applicable use cases and identifying requirements for highly automated driving in logistics operations. This serves as the basis for the upcoming advancement of CCAM vehicles, infrastructure adaptations and use case developments. Additionally, preparations have been made for data collection, analysis, and demo activities.

Currently achieved technical results include:
1. User and stakeholder requirements for highly automated freight transport: Functional requirements addressing the needs of logistic actors, technology providers, and road authorities are identified, also including aspects concerning how CCAM will influence organisational and business models in logistics.

2. Technical requirements for automation, connectivity, safety, cyber security, and user/vehicle interaction:
• Functional automation requirements are developed based on European legislation, international advancements on L4 vehicles/trucks, and the MODI use cases.
• Functional connectivity requirements are developed, covering the transition between networks, remote intervention, and use case scenarios, emphasising reliability, security, redundancy, resilience, and privacy.
• High-level traffic safety requirements are derived from current regulations for automated driving, and relevant standards (prevailing and upcoming) for cyber security are identified.
• Requirements and a comprehensive set of HMI guidelines for remote operation of automated driving (L4), dual-mode vehicles (with a safety operator), and a coordinated CCAM interface are developed.

3. Data collection on performance and challenges concerning the physical and digital infrastructure for highly automated driving on the corridor between Rotterdam and Oslo: A GIS tool is developed for identifying and displaying challenges on the MODI corridor, and a few quantitative data collections (based on measurements while driving) have been executed, including:
• Cross-border connectivity measurements between Norway and Sweden.
• A three-day reference drive measuring network coverage (C-ITS, 5G, GNSS) and driver behaviour in Hamburg's inner city, providing the baseline for future demo of C-ITS services aiming to coordinate between trucks and vulnerable road users.
• Communication services (ITS-G5 and LTE/5G), GNSS and camera recordings on the full corridor between Oslo and Rotterdam (both ways).
• Scanning the German part of the MODI corridor with LiDAR and Radar sensors to investigate the movement of other road users.

4. A logistics task force has been established to enhance the focus on how CCAM can create added value to the logistics network. This effort aims to align the legal and technical feasibility with the logistics perspective in project developments and activities and obtain insights that are crucial for realising value from CCAM solutions in the MODI use cases.

Other notable achievements include a risk analysis of MODI use cases, KPIs for impact assessment and gap analysis and the setup and engagement of an international stakeholder advisory group to guide and validate preliminary MODI results.
Not yet applicable. However, project partners take part in and continuously share insights with/from standardisation working groups, action groups, joint forces, and technical committees within ISO TC211.