Descripción del proyecto
Nuevos conocimientos sobre los fotoelectrodos de disociación del agua
Los combustibles fósiles representan casi tres cuartas partes del consumo energético de la Unión Europea. Para superar la dependencia europea de los combustibles fósiles y ralentizar el calentamiento global, la conversión de la energía solar en combustibles almacenables y de alta densidad energética será fundamental. Los sistemas económicamente viables suelen basarse en fotoelectrodos de película delgada con estructuras internas complejas, que a menudo controlan procesos esenciales del dispositivo a macroescala. El equipo del proyecto DynNano, financiado con fondos europeos, pondrá en marcha un programa de investigación multimodal sobre materiales energéticos destinados a la disociación solar del agua a escala nanométrica o micrométrica y en condiciones de funcionamiento realistas. Al establecer una correlación entre sus propiedades a nanoescala y a macroescala, en DynNano se establecerá el vínculo entre los procesos a nanoescala y el rendimiento macroscópico. En conjunto, la comprensión adquirida proporcionará la base de conocimientos para desarrollar dispositivos eficientes de combustible solar.
Objetivo
To slow down global warming and to overcome the reliance on fossil fuels, a transition to a carbon neutral society fueled by renewable energy sources will be crucial. Therefore, the conversion of solar energy to storable, energy-dense fuels will be an important step to satisfy the need for clean and reliable power. Economically viable systems for solar-to-chemical conversion often base on thin film photoelectrodes with highly complex internal architectures. The combination of different length scales of fundamental physical processes and inherent film heterogeneities results in a complex micro- and nanoscale behavior, which often controls critical processes of the macroscale device. The typical macroscale characterization of material properties conceals important insights into structural, compositional, and optoelectronic heterogeneity at the nanoscale as well as into local photoelectrochemical reaction processes and material stability. To provide a comprehensive portrait of the elementary steps associated with light-to-chemical energy conversion at their natural length scales and under working conditions, DynNano will launch a multimodal research program by leveraging a complementary suite of emerging nanoscale techniques for in-situ and operando characterization of energy materials. The approach will be applied to novel transition metal oxynitride semiconductors, which are poised to overcome efficiency and stability limitations of pure oxides and pure nitrides. By thoroughly correlating their nanoscale and macroscale properties, DynNano will establish the link between nanoscale processes and macroscopic performance of photoelectrochemical systems. With the gained understanding, DynNano aims at closing the photoelectrochemical cycle at the nanoscale using precisely microstructured photoelectrodes for standalone water splitting. Overall, DynNano will provide the knowledge basis for rational development of efficient, stable, and scalable solar fuel devices.
Ámbito científico
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsrenewable energysolar energy
- engineering and technologymaterials engineeringcoating and films
- natural sciencesphysical scienceselectromagnetism and electronicssemiconductivity
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsenergy conversion
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Régimen de financiación
HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC GrantsInstitución de acogida
80333 Muenchen
Alemania