Description du projet
Résoudre le mystère mondial des disparitions internationales
Les disparitions internationales constituent un phénomène inquiétant. Chaque jour, environ 1 000 personnes disparaissent. Bien qu’elles aient attiré l’attention du public, les origines, les motifs et l’ampleur internationale de ces disparitions restent souvent entourés de mystère. Financé par le Conseil européen de la recherche, le projet DISACT étudiera les complexités entourant les disparitions intentionnelles. À travers l’examen de six cas distincts couvrant des dimensions historiques, régionales et méthodologiques, DISACT vise à exposer les motifs insaisissables de cette violation généralisée des droits de l’homme, en mettant en lumière un problème qui exige une compréhension et une intervention urgentes. De la contre-insurrection coloniale française en Algérie au rôle des organismes intergouvernementaux illibéraux tels que l’Organisation de coopération de Shanghai en Eurasie, DISACT adoptera une approche pluridisciplinaire, intégrant la consultation des archives, ainsi que des données ethnographiques, médico-légales et juridiques.
Objectif
DISACT will investigate the logic of the crime of disappearances in repressive and (post)conflict settings. Even though combatants have always gone missing on the battlefield, the purposeful disappearance of people is a relatively recent phenomenon. Around 1,000 people now disappear daily, with high levels of public attention to the phenomenon, yet we know relatively little about the historical origins of the crime, the rationale for violent (state and non-state) actors to deploy it, or the processes underpinning its international diffusion. In answering these questions, the project will draw on in-depth analysis of six carefully selected cases, each geared towards documenting a different stage or thematic manifestation in the historical evolution of disappearances. First, DISACT will use archival sources to examine how disappearances emerged in the context of the French colonial counterinsurgency in Algeria (1954-1962). It will then draw on rich ethnographic evidence of violence in Cyprus (1955-1974) to shed light on the logic of the crime in conflict settings. Next, DISACT will investigate the hitherto unexplored role of illiberal intergovernmental organizations in facilitating regional diffusion by analysing the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in Eurasia (2005-2020). Finally, the project will innovate methodologically by using forensic evidence to uncover the strategic logic of selective removal of remains of victims from original grave sites, comparing the experiences of Cyprus, Chile, and Bosnia. This comparative, interdisciplinary, and multimethod project will blend ethnographic, forensic, legal, and archival evidence to enrich the understanding of one of the most complex human rights violations of our time. Understanding the motives driving disappearances could identify the unexamined and interlinked dynamics of state repression, colonialism, violent conflict, and post-conflict accountability.
Champ scientifique
Mots‑clés
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Régime de financement
HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC GrantsInstitution d’accueil
1678 Nicosia
Chypre