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The Jewish Library in Late Antiquity: Forgotten Texts and Non-Rabbinic Jews

Description du projet

Mise au jour de l’ancienne culture juive

Dans le domaine du judaïsme ancien, le rôle du mouvement rabbinique dans la société juive de l’Antiquité tardive fait l’objet d’un débat. Alors qu’une abondante littérature rabbinique semble présenter les rabbins comme la force sociale dominante de l’époque, des preuves archéologiques suggèrent qu’ils avaient moins d’influence. Le projet JLib, financé par le CER, vise à reconstituer les textes non rabbiniques de la «bibliothèque juive» de l’Antiquité tardive. Découverts lors de fouilles archéologiques et dans des collections de manuscrits juifs médiévaux, ces textes fournissent un aperçu de la société juive de l’époque et offrent de nouvelles perspectives sur le rôle du judaïsme rabbinique. JLib vise à présenter des versions éditées de ces textes négligés, à analyser leurs liens avec des œuvres non juives et à réévaluer la place complexe du judaïsme rabbinique dans la société juive de l’Antiquité tardive.

Objectif

In the study of ancient Judaism, a debate has been raging over the place of the rabbinic movement in late antique Jewish society. On the one hand, there is the extensive body of rabbinic literature, which has much to say about the rabbis own world, and relatively little to say about non-rabbinic Jews, thus creating the impression that the rabbis were the only significant social factor in late antique Jewish society. On the other hand, there is an impressive, and constantly growing, body of archaeological evidence and especially the synagogues of late antique Palestine and their elaborate mosaics which seems to imply that the rabbis had relatively little impact on the religious and artistic sensitivities of many Jewish communities. This apparent gap between the literary and the archaeological evidence generated an enormous body of scholarly literature, with some scholars arguing that rabbinic Judaism was normative in late antique Jewish society and other scholars claiming that the rabbis were just a small minority, and that most Jews did not pay much attention to what the rabbis thought or said.

Rather than joining this debate, JLib will offer a different perspective from which to examine ancient Jewish culture, by reconstructing many non-rabbinic texts from the Jewish library of late antiquity. Some of these texts were found in archaeological excavations, but most are found in the Cairo Genizah and in other collections of medieval Hebrew manuscripts. Their late antique origins are demonstrated by their use of Aramaic mostly Jewish Palestinian Aramaic by their contents, and by external evidence of their use in late antique Jewish society. JLib will offer an edition of these hitherto neglected texts, an analysis of their relations with similar non-Jewish texts and with rabbinic literature, and a re-evaluation of the complex question of the place of rabbinic Judaism in late antique Jewish society.

Champ scientifique (EuroSciVoc)

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Régime de financement

HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC Grants

Institution d’accueil

TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY
Contribution nette de l'UE
€ 2 308 896,00
Adresse
RAMAT AVIV
69978 Tel Aviv
Israël

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Type d’activité
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
Liens
Coût total
€ 2 308 896,00

Bénéficiaires (1)