Description du projet
Des composés bioactifs inhibant la digestion de l’amidon pourraient réduire le niveau de glycémie
Un taux élevé de glucose dans le sang après un repas (glycémie) peut augmenter le risque de développer des maladies cardiovasculaires et un diabète de type 2. L’amidon, présent dans le pain et les pâtes, a un effet direct sur la glycémie car la quantité de glucose libérée pendant la digestion est proportionnelle à l’amidon consommé. Dans le cadre d’un repas, la digestibilité de l’amidon dépend des interactions avec d’autres nutriments. Les polyphénols et les caroténoïdes sont des composés bioactifs présents dans les tomates qui peuvent réduire ou retarder la digestion de l’amidon et constituent un additif prometteur aux aliments riches en amidon. Avec le soutien du programme Actions Marie Skłodowska-Curie, le projet BIG étudiera les effets d’un concentré de tomates riche en ces composés bioactifs sur la digestion des aliments riches en amidon, à la fois in vitro et auprès d’un échantillon de population.
Objectif
Combining nutrients that act synergistically and have potential to lower postprandial glycaemia is an important dietary strategy that can reduce the risk of developing non-communicable diseases. Within a starch-based food matrix, like bread, the presence of bioactive compounds (polyphenols and carotenoids) can lower or delay starch digestion, and therefore the postprandial glycaemic response. This shows potential for development of bioactive-rich starchy foods, as an alternative to conventional high-glycaemic foods. Variations in dose, form and processing can result in bioactive-rich functional foods with different glycaemic potencies, thus further studies are needed to determine the role of polyphenols and carotenoids from tomato during digestion.
The aim of this project is to determine the impact of polyphenols and carotenoids from tomato (naringenin and lycopene, respectively) on nutrient accessibility and impact on glycaemia.
I will investigate the interaction of naringenin and lycopene from an organically grown tomato paste enriched with tomato skin, previously developed by the host group, with starch and starchy foods. Nutrient release from a food matrix and digestion will be measured in vitro at a micro- and macrostructural level, using a single-enzyme digestion system and the INFOGEST standardised static digestion model. To determine the effect of naringenin and lycopene on glycaemia, I will use biological samples from healthy study participants collected before and after 4-week intake of tomato enriched paste, from an ongoing dietary intervention study in the host group. The use of tomato by-products (skin) is a sustainable option to fortify foods, providing added value to scraps without post-harvest extraction of bioactive compounds. Results from this study will provide new mechanistic insight into how tomato bioactive compounds modulate starch digestion and new fundamental evidence on their influence on glycaemia.
Champ scientifique
Mots‑clés
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.2 - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Main Programme
Régime de financement
HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-PF-EF - HORIZON TMA MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships - European FellowshipsCoordinateur
08007 Barcelona
Espagne