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CORDIS

CO-DESIGN OF E-COMMERCE LAST-MILE DELIVERY AND RETURN OPTIONS WITH ZERO EMISSIONS

CORDIS provides links to public deliverables and publications of HORIZON projects.

Links to deliverables and publications from FP7 projects, as well as links to some specific result types such as dataset and software, are dynamically retrieved from OpenAIRE .

Deliverables

Assessment framework for zero-emission delivery options (opens in new window)

Definition of an assessment framework for measuring the impact of e-commerce last mile sustainable delivery and return options based on a Multi Actor Multi Criteria Analysis (MAMCA). By building on previous research in this domain and on the finding of WP1, quantitative and qualitative key performance indicators (KPIs), to be used for evaluating and comparing options from multiple criteria will be defined. Indicators will look at assessing the sustainability of last-mile solutions in the environmental, social, and economic domains. This deliverable refers to Task 3.1

Assessment framework for consumers’ behaviour change (opens in new window)

A set of qualitative and quantitative key performance indicators (KPIs) will be modeled and presented. The KPIs will assess the effects on consumers of retailer communications about zero-emission delivery and return options, and will include measures of consumer awareness of delivery impacts, consumer awareness of available options, motivations, information needs, actual delivery choice, search behaviour, attitude to delivery, and attractiveness of sustainable delivery options. This deliverable refers to Task 3.2.

Upscaling zero-emission delivery and return models (opens in new window)

This deliverable will finetune and upscale the results obtained for the four European cities with a broader audience of retailers and transport operators to design a wider set of possible delivery options applicable to other geographical contexts and goods flows. It will provide an enriched overview of zero-emission delivery options.This deliverable is related to task 4.4.

CodeZERO delivery and return solutions – V1 (opens in new window)

Lessons learned of the cocreation approach applied in the field of urban logistics will be presented and discussed in this deliverable. New delivery and return models explored thanks to this approach will aslo be explained. This deliverable is related to Task 4.2.

Midterm assessment of CodeZERO living labs (opens in new window)

Midterm assessment of CodeZERO living labs in Milan, Utrecht, Oslo and Antwerp reporting on the status of pilots' implementation and on initial findings. The report will look at both the implementation of delivery and return options to be tested in the pilots as well as at the implementation of communication guidelines for advanced information on emissions of delivery options in CodeZERO commercial partners’ website. (Task 5.1 and Task 5.2)

CodeZERO toolset for local authorities – V1 (opens in new window)

The first version of the toolset will be a report identifying a preliminary set of leverages (e.g., planning, regulation, governance, infrastructure, data etc.) local authorities can mobilise to shape sustainable distribution systems and mitigate possible negative impacts generated by e-commerce.This report will incorporate best practices from existing exemplary European cases. (Task 4.5 Development of toolset for local authorities)

Consumers’ awareness and behavioural change (opens in new window)

Based on analysis of biographical interviews, will describe i) how consumer awareness of sustainability issues evolves over time; ii) initial findings on the extent to which awareness influences delivery choice; iii) how behaviour related to sustainable delivery choice evolves over time; and key life-context factors influencing consumer delivery/return choices. Return choices will be accounted for. (Task 2.2 Consumer awareness and behavioural change)

Definition of consumer groups (opens in new window)

Identification and description of a range of consumers groups suited to different behavioural change strategies. A set of personas will be described according to the following dimensions: (1) Characteristics; (2) Beliefs and attitudes; (3) Decision-making styles; (4) Behavioural adoption processes; (5) Social influence; (6) Stages of change towards choosing sustainable delivery/return solutions; (7) Sustainable behaviours; (8) Delivery/return choice.These personas will be used as inputs for all tasks of WP2.This deliverable refers to Task 2.1.

Consumers’ real-time decision-making on delivery options (opens in new window)

Based on interviews and observations, will list and explain goals, constraints and information needs consumers have as they choose among online delivery options. D2.3 will also make clear how consumers make sense of their options, and which decision strategies they use (rational, instinctive or habit-based). It will also describe sustainability information that online delivery choice interfaces should present and how. Return choices will also be accounted for. (Task 2.3 Consumers’ real-time decision making)

Impacts of existing delivery options and models (opens in new window)

This deliverable will provide 1) a taxonomy of the different delivery options for e-commerce deliveries and returns, and the underlying components that shape those delivery options; 2) an overview of the potential impact of the different delivery options. This deliverable is related to task 1.2 and 1.3.

CodeZERO communication guidelines – V1 (opens in new window)

Based on a participative and iterative process, D4.3 will present preliminary guidance for different retailers and transporters on how they can raise awareness and encourage sustainable delivery and return choices by their consumers. Will include accounting for different consumer groups, information content, communication channels and interface design. (Task 4.3 also dependent on T2.1, T.2.2, T2.3 and T2.4.)

Delivery options analysis framework (opens in new window)

Definition of an analysis framework that will be used to classify and analyse delivery options. Building on an in-depth desk research of existing literature, the different attributes that are relevant for the different stakeholders across different e-commerce flows in various contexts will be identified and used to classify (Task 1.2) and analyse delivery options - both the existing ones (Task 1.3), and those that will be developed by CodeZERO (Task 4.2). This report relates to Task 1.1.

Guidelines for co-creation of CodeZERO solutions (opens in new window)

This deliverable will prepare the contents, techniques and stakeholders engagement tools to run a series of 3 co-design workshops in Oslo, Utrecht, Antwerp and Milan. The format of co-design workshops will be specified in terms of duration, number and type of participants involved, consumers’ groups represented, and equipment needed. The deliverabe relates to Task 4.1.

Quantitative analysis of consumer preferences (opens in new window)

The deliverable will identify delivery and return options that are attractive to online consumers as well as sustainable from an environmental (i.e., zero-emission) and social perspective. In addition, it will set priorities for effective sustainability communication on consumer deliveries and returns. The deliverable relates to Task 2.4

Survey data on consumers’ preferences (opens in new window)

Data on consumers’ preferences on deliveries derived from a survey circulated in up to 10 European countries (IT, NL, NO, BE, DE, FR, GR, PL, SP, SE) to a sample of 1,000 online consumers per country, representative for the country population. Respondents will be asked to select the option that matches best with their preferences in online shopping. This deliverable relates to Task 2.4

CodeZERO Website (opens in new window)

The website will be designed and maintained including key information about the project’s aim, the partners involved, and the pilots developed. A News and events section will inform about the project updates and planned workshops, events, conferences. Public deliverables and training materials will be made available in a dedicated section.

CodeZERO Video (opens in new window)

A short one-minute video will be produced in the first half year. It will present the project introducing CodeZERO, it’s overall aims and the key challenges the project is tackling. (Task 7.1)

Publications

Co-design in urban freight research and practice: the DISCUSS framework as a participatory innovative method for stakeholder engagement 

Author(s): Philippe Lebeau, Daniela Paddeu, Bram Kin
Published in: WCTR conference, 2026
Publisher: WCTR

Upscaling zero-emission and low-impact delivery models for e-commerce in urban areas – Barriers and opportunities

Author(s): Bram Kin, Finn Winkelmann, Pauline van Beusekom-Thoolen, Joost Goedhart, Hans Quak, Luuk Meijer
Published in: WCTR conference, 2026
Publisher: WCTR

Development and assessment of communications to increase consumer choice of sustainable delivery

Author(s): Ross O. Phillips, Delphine Pernot
Published in: Greening Industry Networks Studies, 2026, ISSN 2543-0246
Publisher: Springer Cham

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