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Inflammation and AD: modulating microglia function focussing on TREM2 and CD33 - Sofia ref.: 115976

Deliverables

Characterise effect of CD33 expression and ligation on microglial phagocytosis, activation and neurotoxicity

Migration

Knowledge of possible disease mechanisms and targets

Migration

Determination of the cleavage site

Migration

Crystal structure of CD33 generated to ~3 Å and refined to ~2 Å

Migration

Longitudinal, individual two-photon in vivo analysis of microglial Aβ phagocytosis and degradation in the key AD-like mouse lines harboring TREM2 or CD33 alterations

Migration

Knowledge of in vivo microglial activation in MCI/AD with respect to TREM2 genotype and in response to a systemic immune challenge, report on status of posting results

Migration

Knowledge of phagocytosis and cytokine secretion in human iPSC derived microglia and macrophages linked to TREM2/DC33 mutations

Migration

A comprehensive roadmap for data and knowledge management for the PHAGO consortium, collection of pre-existing ethical documents

Migration

Quantitative microglia Aß uptake measurement using methoxy-X04 administration, microglia isolation and FACS analysis, assessment of microglia proliferation and death

Migration

In vitro analysis of chimeric CD33 and the hCD33 ki mouse

Migration

CD33 receptor ligands characterization in human primary monocytes

Migration

Knowledge of TREM2/CD33 pathways of patient brain tissue and blood

Migration

Behavioural phenotyping before, at the beginning and after sustained Aβ deposition (3, 6 and 12 month of age of the key AD-like lines harboring TREM2 or CD33 alterations

Migration

Identification of possible biomarkers

Migration

map the cleavage sites on TREM2 ectodomains in the presence/absence of the R47H variant

Migration

Crystal structure of TREM2 generated to at least 2-3 Å Sanofi, AZ

Migration

Completion of the analysis of changes in the glycosylation of TREM2 ectodomains in the presence of R47H variants

Migration

Immunohistochemistry / Imaging analysis of key AD-like mouse lines harboring TREM2 or CD33 alterations

Migration

Effect of CD33 ligands or desialylation on respiratory burst, lysosomal acidification, phagocytosis and cytokine release

Migration

Secretion studies of TREM2 and other shed proteins from iPSC- generated human microglia and macrophages

Migration

Generating APP/PS1 mice with intracerebral Tau injections lacking TREM2, or harbouring human CD33 ki mutation, or lacking CD33

Migration

Analyze effect of anti-CD33 antibody in tg4510 and APP/PS1 transgenic mice

Migration

Final version of the roadmap for the data and knowledge management for the PHAGO consortium

Roadmap for data and knowledgemanagement with input from all members of the consortium Special emphasis will be invested in the aspect of integrating industry SME and academic data and knowledge management approaches

TREM2/CD33 RNA analyses of human microglial/macrophage populations

Migration

Characterise phagocytosis, activation and neurotoxicity of microglia lacking TREM2 and/or expressing the R47H variant in culture.

Migration

Knowledge on cis interaction of CD33 receptor in human phagocytes and on the role of the exact sialic acid type (Neu5Ac vs. Neu5Gc)

Migration

Knowledge of TREM2/CD33 signalling (stress) pathways in human iPSC derived microglial/macrophages

Migration

Novel microglial genes associated with AD risk

Migration

Knowledge of proteins in MCI/AD CSF with respect to TREM2 and CD33 genotypes

Migration

Knowledge of TREM2/CD33 pathways by RNA analyses/whole genome analyses in human microglial/macrophage populations

Migration

Publications

Reporter cell assay for human CD33 validated by specific antibodies and human iPSC-derived microglia

Author(s): Jannis Wißfeld, Mona Mathews, Omar Mossad, Paola Picardi, Alessandro Cinti, Loredana Redaelli, Laurent Pradier, Oliver Brüstle & Harald Neumann
Published in: Scientific Reports, Issue 11, 2021, Page(s) 13462, ISSN 2045-2322
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92434-2

Pathways linking Alzheimer’s disease risk genes expressed highly in microglia

Author(s): Angela K. Hodges, Thomas M. Piers, David Collier, Oliver Cousins, Jennifer M. Pocock
Published in: Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation, Issue 2020, 2020, ISSN 2349-6142
Publisher: OAE Publishing Inc.
DOI: 10.20517/2347-8659.2020.60

A locked immunometabolic switch underlies TREM2 R47H loss of function in human iPSC‐derived microglia

Author(s): Thomas M. Piers, Katharina Cosker, Anna Mallach, Gabriel Thomas Johnson, Rita Guerreiro, John Hardy, Jennifer M. Pocock
Published in: The FASEB Journal, Issue 34/2, 2020, Page(s) 2436-2450, ISSN 0892-6638
Publisher: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902447r

TREM2 modulates differential deposition of modified and non‑modified Aβ species in extracellular plaques and intraneuronal deposits

Author(s): Pranav Joshi, Florian Riffel, Sathish Kumar, Nàdia Villacampa, Sandra Theil, Samira Parhizkar, Christian Haass, Marco Colonna, Michael T. Heneka, Thomas Arzberger, Jochen Herms & Jochen Walter
Published in: Acta Neuropathologica Communications, Issue 9, 2021, Page(s) 168, ISSN 2051-5960
Publisher: BioMed Central
DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01263-x

Differential interaction with TREM2 modulates microglial uptake of modified Aβ species

Author(s): Pranav Joshi, Florian Riffel, Kanayo Satoh, Masahiro Enomoto, Seema Qamar, Hannah Scheiblich, Nàdia Villacampa, Sathish Kumar, Sandra Theil, Samira Parhizkar, Christian Haass, Michael T. Heneka, Paul E. Fraser, Peter St George-Hyslop, Jochen Walter
Published in: Glia, Issue 69(12), 2021, Page(s) 2917-2932, ISSN 0894-1491
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
DOI: 10.1002/glia.24077

Emerging Microglia Biology Defines Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Alzheimer’s Disease

Author(s): Joseph W. Lewcock, Kai Schlepckow, Gilbert Di Paolo, Sabina Tahirovic, Kathryn M. Monroe, Christian Haass
Published in: Neuron, Issue 108/5, 2020, Page(s) 801-821, ISSN 0896-6273
Publisher: Cell Press
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.09.029

Plasma levels of soluble TREM2 and neurofilament light chain in TREM2 rare variant carriers

Author(s): Nicholas J. Ashton, Marc Suárez-Calvet, Amanda Heslegrave, Abdul Hye, Cristina Razquin, Pau Pastor, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, José L. Molinuevo, Pieter Jelle Visser, Kaj Blennow, Angela K. Hodges, Henrik Zetterberg
Published in: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy, Issue 11/1, 2019, ISSN 1758-9193
Publisher: BioMed Central
DOI: 10.1186/s13195-019-0545-5

A reporter cell system for the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 reveals differential effects of disease‐associated variants on receptor signaling and activation by antibodies against the stalk region

Author(s): Melanie Ibach, Mona Mathews, Bettina Linnartz‐Gerlach, Sandra Theil, Sathish Kumar, Regina Feederle, Oliver Brüstle, Harald Neumann, Jochen Walter
Published in: Glia, Issue 69/5, 2021, Page(s) 1126-1139, ISSN 0894-1491
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
DOI: 10.1002/glia.23953

Olfactory transmucosal SARS-CoV-2 invasion as a port of central nervous system entry in individuals with COVID-19

Author(s): Jenny Meinhardt, Josefine Radke, Carsten Dittmayer, Jonas Franz, Carolina Thomas, Ronja Mothes, Michael Laue, Julia Schneider, Sebastian Brünink, Selina Greuel, Malte Lehmann, Olga Hassan, Tom Aschman, Elisa Schumann, Robert Lorenz Chua, Christian Conrad, Roland Eils, Werner Stenzel, Marc Windgassen, Larissa Rößler, Hans-Hilmar Goebel, Hans R. Gelderblom, Hubert Martin, Andreas Nitsche, Walter
Published in: Nature Neuroscience, Issue 24, 2021, Page(s) 168-175, ISSN 1097-6256
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-00758-5

Microglial phagocytosis of neurons in neurodegeneration, and its regulation

Author(s): Claire A. Butler, Alma S. Popescu, Emily J. A. Kitchener, David H. Allendorf, Mar Puigdellívol, Guy C. Brown
Published in: Journal of Neurochemistry, 2021, ISSN 0022-3042
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15327

Microglial signalling pathway deficits associated with the patient derived R47H TREM2 variants linked to AD indicate inability to activate inflammasome

Author(s): Katharina Cosker, Anna Mallach, Janhavi Limaye, Thomas M. Piers, James Staddon, Stephen J. Neame, John Hardy & Jennifer M. Pocock
Published in: Scientific Reports, 2021, ISSN 2045-2322
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91207-1

CD33M inhibits microglial phagocytosis, migration and proliferation, but the Alzheimer’s disease‐protective variant CD33m stimulates phagocytosis and proliferation, and inhibits adhesion

Author(s): Claire Ann Butler, Peter Thornton, Guy Charles Brown
Published in: Journal of Neurochemistry, 2021, ISSN 0022-3042
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15349

Enhancing protective microglial activities with a dual function TREM 2 antibody to the stalk region

Author(s): Kai Schlepckow, Kathryn M Monroe, Gernot Kleinberger, Ludovico Cantuti‐Castelvetri, Samira Parhizkar, Dan Xia, Michael Willem, Georg Werner, Nadine Pettkus, Bettina Brunner, Alice Sülzen, Brigitte Nuscher, Heike Hampel, Xianyuan Xiang, Regina Feederle, Sabina Tahirovic, Joshua I Park, Rachel Prorok, Cathal Mahon, Chun‐Chi Liang, Ju Shi, Do Jin Kim, Hanna Sabelström, Fen Huang, Gilbert Di Pao
Published in: EMBO Molecular Medicine, Issue 12/4, 2020, ISSN 1757-4676
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201911227

Reduced sialylation triggers homeostatic synapse and neuronal loss in middle-aged mice

Author(s): Christine Klaus, Jan N. Hansen, Aurélien Ginolhac, Deborah Gérard, Vinayaga S. Gnanapragassam, Rüdiger Horstkorte, Charlotte Rossdam, Falk F.R. Buettner, Thomas Sauter, Lasse Sinkkonen, Harald Neumann, Bettina Linnartz-Gerlach
Published in: Neurobiology of Aging, Issue 88, 2020, Page(s) 91-107, ISSN 0197-4580
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.01.008

Deletion of Alzheimer's disease‐associated CD33 results in an inflammatory human microglia phenotype

Author(s): Jannis Wißfeld, Ichiro Nozaki, Mona Mathews, Tamara Raschka, Christian Ebeling, Veit Hornung, Oliver Brüstle, Harald Neumann
Published in: Glia, Issue 69/6, 2021, Page(s) 1393-1412, ISSN 0894-1491
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
DOI: 10.1002/glia.23968

Lipopolysaccharide activates microglia via neuraminidase 1 desialylation of Toll‐like Receptor 4

Author(s): David Hans Allendorf, Elske Helena Franssen, Guy Charles Brown
Published in: Journal of Neurochemistry, Issue 155/4, 2020, Page(s) 403-416, ISSN 0022-3042
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15024

Sialylation acts as a checkpoint for innate immune responses in the central nervous system

Author(s): Christine Klaus, Huan Liao, David H. Allendorf, Guy C. Brown, Harald Neumann
Published in: Glia, Issue 69(7), 2020, Page(s) 1619-1636, ISSN 0894-1491
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
DOI: 10.1002/glia.23945

Interleukin‐12/23 deficiency differentially affects pathology in male and female Alzheimer's disease‐like mice

Author(s): Pascale Eede, Juliane Obst, Eileen Benke, Genevieve Yvon‐Durocher, Bernhard C Richard, Niclas Gimber, Jan Schmoranzer, Annett Böddrich, Erich E Wanker, Stefan Prokop, Frank L Heppner
Published in: EMBO reports, Issue 21/3, 2020, ISSN 1469-221X
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948530

Wild-type sTREM2 blocks Aβ aggregation and neurotoxicity, but the Alzheimer's R47H mutant increases Aβ aggregation

Author(s): Anna Vilalta, Ye Zhou, Jean Sevalle, Jennifer K. Griffin, Kanayo Satoh, David H. Allendorf, Suman De, Mar Puigdellívol, Arturas Bruzas, Miguel A. Burguillos, Roger B. Dodd, Fusheng Chen, Yalun Zhang, Patrick Flagmeier, Lisa-Maria Needham, Masahiro Enomoto, Seema Qamar, James Henderson, Jochen Walter, Paul E. Fraser, David Klenerman, Steven F. Lee, Peter St George-Hyslop, Guy C. Brown
Published in: Journal of Biological Chemistry, Issue 296, 2021, Page(s) 100631, ISSN 0021-9258
Publisher: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Inc.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100631

Differential stimulation of pluripotent stem cell-derived human microglia leads to exosomal proteomic changes affecting neurons

Author(s): Anna Mallach, Johan Gobom, Charles Arber, Thomas M. Piers, John Hardy, Selina Wray, Henrik Zetterberg and Jennifer Pocock
Published in: Cells, Issue 10(11), 2021, Page(s) 2866, ISSN 2073-4409
Publisher: MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cells10112866

Control of Innate Immunity by Sialic Acids in the Nervous Tissue

Author(s): Huan Liao, Christine Klaus and Harald Neumann
Published in: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Issue 21(15), 2020, ISSN 1422-0067
Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155494

Loss of TREM2 function increases amyloid seeding but reduces plaque-associated ApoE.

Author(s): Parhizkar, Samira; Arzberger, Thomas; Brendel, Matthias; Kleinberger, Gernot; Deussing, Maximilian; Focke, Carola; Nuscher, Brigitte; Xiong, Monica; Ghasemigharagoz, Alireza; Katzmarski, Natalie; Krasemann, Susanne; Lichtenthaler, Stefan F.; Müller, Stephan A.; Colombo, Alessio; Monasor, Laura Sebastian; Tahirovic, Sabina; Herms, Jochen; Willem, Michael; Pettkus, Nadine; Butovsky, Oleg; Bartenste
Published in: Nature neuroscience, Issue 22, 2019, Page(s) 191-204, ISSN 1097-6256
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1038/s41593-018-0296-9

TREM2 shedding by cleavage at the H157‐S158 bond is accelerated for the Alzheimer's disease‐associated H157Y variant

Author(s): Peter Thornton, Jean Sevalle, Michael J Deery, Graham Fraser, Ye Zhou, Sara Ståhl, Elske H Franssen, Roger B Dodd, Seema Qamar, Beatriz Gomez Perez‐Nievas, Louise SC Nicol, Susanna Eketjäll, Jefferson Revell, Clare Jones, Andrew Billinton, Peter H St George‐Hyslop, Iain Chessell, Damian C Crowther
Published in: EMBO Molecular Medicine, Issue 9/10, 2017, Page(s) 1366-1378, ISSN 1757-4676
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201707673

An Alzheimer‐associated TREM2 variant occurs at the ADAM cleavage site and affects shedding and phagocytic function

Author(s): Kai Schlepckow, Gernot Kleinberger, Akio Fukumori, Regina Feederle, Stefan F Lichtenthaler, Harald Steiner, Christian Haass
Published in: EMBO Molecular Medicine, Issue 9/10, 2017, Page(s) 1356-1365, ISSN 1757-4676
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201707672

The Trem2 R47H Alzheimer’s risk variant impairs splicing and reduces Trem2 mRNA and protein in mice but not in humans

Author(s): Xianyuan Xiang, Thomas M. Piers, Benedikt Wefers, Kaichuan Zhu, Anna Mallach, Bettina Brunner, Gernot Kleinberger, Wilbur Song, Marco Colonna, Jochen Herms, Wolfgang Wurst, Jennifer M. Pocock, Christian Haass
Published in: Molecular Neurodegeneration, Issue 13/1, 2018, ISSN 1750-1326
Publisher: BioMed Central
DOI: 10.1186/s13024-018-0280-6

Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Microglia-Like Cells Harboring TREM2 Missense Mutations Show Specific Deficits in Phagocytosis

Author(s): Pablo Garcia-Reitboeck, Alexandra Phillips, Thomas M. Piers, Claudio Villegas-Llerena, Matt Butler, Anna Mallach, Celia Rodrigues, Charles E. Arber, Amanda Heslegrave, Henrik Zetterberg, Harald Neumann, Stephen Neame, Henry Houlden, John Hardy, Jennifer M. Pocock
Published in: Cell Reports, Issue 24/9, 2018, Page(s) 2300-2311, ISSN 2211-1247
Publisher: Cell Press
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.094

Effective Knockdown of Gene Expression in Primary Microglia With siRNA and Magnetic Nanoparticles Without Cell Death or Inflammation

Author(s): Alejandro Carrillo-Jimenez, Mar Puigdellívol, Anna Vilalta, Jose Luis Venero, Guy Charles Brown, Peter StGeorge-Hyslop, Miguel Angel Burguillos
Published in: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Issue 12, 2018, ISSN 1662-5102
Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation
DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00313

Loss of Trem2 in microglia leads to widespread disruption of cell coexpression networks in mouse brain

Author(s): Guillermo Carbajosa, Karim Malki, Nathan Lawless, Hong Wang, John W. Ryder, Eva Wozniak, Kristie Wood, Charles A. Mein, Richard J.B. Dobson, David A. Collier, Michael J. O'Neill, Angela K. Hodges, Stephen J. Newhouse
Published in: Neurobiology of Aging, Issue 69, 2018, Page(s) 151-166, ISSN 0197-4580
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.04.019

Loss of Function of TREM2 Results in Cytoskeletal Malfunction in Microglia

Author(s): Phillips AEM, Llerena CV, Piers TM, Cosker K, Hardy J, Pocock JM
Published in: Journal of Neurology and Neurobiology, Issue 4/3, 2018, ISSN 2379-7150
Publisher: Sciforschen
DOI: 10.16966/2379-7150.152

Small Molecule Binding to Alzheimer Risk Factor CD33 Promotes Aβ Phagocytosis

Author(s): Luke A. Miles, Stefan J. Hermans, Gabriela A.N. Crespi, Jonathan H. Gooi, Larissa Doughty, Tracy L. Nero, Jasmina Markulić, Andreas Ebneth, Berthold Wroblowski, Daniel Oehlrich, Andrés A. Trabanco, Marie-Laure Rives, Ines Royaux, Nancy C. Hancock, Michael W. Parker
Published in: iScience, Issue 19, 2019, Page(s) 110-118, ISSN 2589-0042
Publisher: Cell
DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.07.023

Galectin-3, a novel endogenous TREM2 ligand, detrimentally regulates inflammatory response in Alzheimer’s disease

Author(s): Antonio Boza-Serrano, Rocío Ruiz, Raquel Sanchez-Varo, Juan García-Revilla, Yiyi Yang, Itzia Jimenez-Ferrer, Agnes Paulus, Malin Wennström, Anna Vilalta, David Allendorf, Jose Carlos Davila, John Stegmayr, Sebastian Jiménez, Maria A. Roca-Ceballos, Victoria Navarro-Garrido, Maria Swanberg, Christine L. Hsieh, Luis M. Real, Elisabet Englund, Sara Linse, Hakon Leffler, Ulf J. Nilsson, Guy C. Bro
Published in: Acta Neuropathologica, Issue 138/2, 2019, Page(s) 251-273, ISSN 0001-6322
Publisher: Springer Verlag
DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02013-z

TREM2 triggers microglial density and age‐related neuronal loss

Author(s): Bettina Linnartz‐Gerlach, Liviu‐Gabriel Bodea, Christine Klaus, Aurélien Ginolhac, Rashi Halder, Lasse Sinkkonen, Jochen Walter, Marco Colonna, Harald Neumann
Published in: Glia, 2018, ISSN 0894-1491
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
DOI: 10.1002/glia.23563

Induced pluripotent stem cell-based modeling of neurodegenerative diseases: a focus on autophagy

Author(s): Johannes Jungverdorben, Andreas Till, Oliver Brüstle
Published in: Journal of Molecular Medicine, Issue 95/7, 2017, Page(s) 705-718, ISSN 0946-2716
Publisher: Springer Verlag
DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1533-5

The endotoxin hypothesis of neurodegeneration

Author(s): Guy C. Brown
Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation, Issue 16/1, 2019, ISSN 1742-2094
Publisher: BioMed Central
DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1564-7

A rare heterozygous TREM2 coding variant identified in familial clustering of dementia affects an intrinsically disordered protein region and function of TREM2

Author(s): Meliha Karsak, Konstantin Glebov, Marina Scheffold, Thomas Bajaj, Amit Kawalia, Ilker Karaca, Sebastian Rading, Johannes Kornhuber, Oliver Peters, Monica Diez‐Fairen, Lutz Frölich, Michael Hüll, Jens Wiltfang, Martin Scherer, Steffi Riedel‐Heller, Anja Schneider, Michael T. Heneka, Klaus Fliessbach, Ahmed Sharaf, Holger Thiele, Martina Lennarz, Frank Jessen, Wolfgang Maier, Christian Kubisch
Published in: Human Mutation, 2019, ISSN 1059-7794
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
DOI: 10.1002/humu.23904

The influence of the R47H triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 variant on microglial exosome profiles

Author(s): Anna Mallach, Johan Gobom, Henrik Zetterberg, John Hardy, Thomas M Piers, Selina Wray, Jennifer M Pocock
Published in: Brain Communications, Issue 3/2, 2021, ISSN 2632-1297
Publisher: Oxford University Press
DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab009

Does soluble TREM2 protect against Alzheimer’s Disease?

Author(s): Guy C. Brown and Peter St George-Hyslop
Published in: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Issue 13, 2022, ISSN 1663-4365
Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation
DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.834697

Sialylation and Galectin-3 in Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration

Author(s): Mar Puigdellívol, David H. Allendorf, Guy C. Brown
Published in: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Issue 14, 2020, ISSN 1662-5102
Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation
DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00162

Activated microglia desialylate their surface, stimulating complement receptor 3‐mediated phagocytosis of neurons

Author(s): David H. Allendorf, Mar Puigdellívol, Guy C. Brown
Published in: Glia, Issue 68/5, 2020, Page(s) 989-998, ISSN 0894-1491
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
DOI: 10.1002/glia.23757

The neuroinflammatory interleukin-12 signaling pathway drives Alzheimer's disease-like pathology by perturbing oligodendrocyte survival and neuronal homeostasis

Author(s): Shirin Schneeberger, Seung Joon Kim, Pascale Eede, Anastasiya Boltengagen, Caroline Braeuning, Myrto Andreadou, Burkhard Becher, Nikos Karaiskos, Christine Kocks, Nikolaus Rajewsky, Frank L. Heppner
Published in: bioRxiv, 2021, ISSN 2692-8205
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.25.441313

The autophagy activator Spermidine ameliorates Alzheimer’s disease pathology and neuroinflammation in mice

Author(s): Kiara Freitag, Nele Sterczyk, Julia Schulz, Judith Houtman, Lara Fleck, Stephan J. Sigrist, Frank L. Heppner, Marina Jendrach
Published in: bioRxiv, 2020, ISSN 2692-8205
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
DOI: 10.1101/2020.12.27.424477

Intellectual Property Rights

TREM2 CLEAVAGE MODULATORS AND USES THEREOF

Application/Publication number: PCT/ EP2017/068684
Date: 2017-07-24

TREM2 CLEAVAGE MODULATORS AND USES THEREOF

Application/Publication number: PCT/ EP2017/068684
Date: 2017-07-24

TREM2 CLEAVAGE MODULATORS AND USES THEREOF

Application/Publication number: PCT/ EP2017/068684
Date: 2017-07-24

UP-SCALED PRODUCTION OF MICROGLIA-LIKE/-PRECURSOR CELLS AND MACROPHAGE CELLS USING MESH MACROCARRIERS

Application/Publication number: 20 21056037
Date: 2021-03-10

TREM2 CLEAVAGE MODULATORS AND USES THEREOF

Application/Publication number: PCT/ EP2017/068684
Date: 2017-07-24

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