Objetivo
The objective of the Project, which originated from the expired Project 215 and in part also from the Project 216, is to propose, model and analyse innovative ultra-high capacity and long haul optical transmission networks that are potentially capable of taking full advantage of the bandwidth of optical fibres and components. This promoted the very well known concept of all-optical and transparent networks some years ago and the related studies in the frame work of quite a lot of international programs such as RACE in Europe or DARPA in the United States. As a first step, an European Optical Network (E.O.N.)was chosen as a case study.
Current status
The first meeting of the Management Committee was held in Brussels on 10 October 1991. The programme and the methods of working were discussed and it was agreed that there should be a small number of working groups, acting in close contact one with another and with other projects from European programmes dealing with optical transmission networks : RACE, ACTS, EURESCOM, ETSI and obviously other COST Actions in this area.
During the past five years of collaborative work between participants (now from 20 countries), COST/239 involved more than 20 research institutions, has supported 8 short-term missions and produced valuable results prepared in more than 250 temporary documents. These results have been disseminated via renowned journals, international conferences, common workshops with other European research parties. It must be stressed that this co-operation facilitates the trend of people moving from COST/239 to become involved in these activities too.
Working groups
WG1 : Point to point transmission
The objective of WG1 (working group 1) is to determine the distance and capacity limits of various transmission schemes. In the past years an important effort was devoted to the determination of a matrix giving for each bit-rate and distance the best technique to be used on standard G652 and dispersion shifted G653 fibres.
These results had to be fundamentally revised. Due to the high available powers allowed by optical fibber amplifiers, non linear effects become a critical issue in terrestrial systems, especially on the long transmission lengths to be expected in future photonic networks. Their consequences, particularly on Wavelength Division Multiplexed (WDM), had to be investigated. High dispersion reduces the maximum transmission span but reduces also some non-linear effects. Fibre characteristics such as zero dispersion wavelength, effective mode area, and dispersion appear as essential parameters, and an important effort has been devoted over several years to design new types of fibres (non-zero dispersion shifted fibres), realising a sort of trade-off between linear and non-linear effects. It is nevertheless not certain that such fibres will be the optimal solution for future photonic networks.
The question of fibre-type appears as a key issue for telecommunication operators now, and investigations have been conducted inside WG1 in order to determine the potential capacity of links assuming different types of fibres to be installed in the future pan-european network and different transmission schemes (WDM or single carrier transmission). Results obtained with simple models of G652 and 653 fibres must consequently be revised. Co-operation with Cost 241 has been very useful about fibres and more generally optical fibre devices.
It is essential to emphasise that a link cannot be isolated and must be considered as a part of the network. Degradations suffered by signals when going through the nodes in the future photonic networks are investigated in collaboration with WG2, in charge of the network itself, and Cost 240 for device- modelling.
1996 was devoted to the determination of potential capacity of the links in the future pan-european network, taking into account the aforementioned phenomena.
WG2 : Optical networks
The main activities within the "Network Aspects" in the past year have focused on four main aspects of network design and analysis, namely :
studies of a partitioned topology
studies of a grid-connect topology
studies of networking dimensioning algorithms
studies of network unavailability
These four aspects are central to the understanding of the design steps required for a transparent optical network.
Topologies : Two topological approaches have been taken, as they represent different demands within the physical layer. As the European Optical Network (EON) has large physical dimensions, transmission limitations are likely (the exact physical layer design rules are to come form WG1- Transmission Aspects). For example fibre non-linearities limit the number of wavelengths that can be supported over a particular distance. The partitioned approach assumes that such limitations imply that transparent paths are not possible over the whole network ; the solution therefore is to divide the network into a core network plus a number of subnetworks. This concept has been refined and there now exists a well defined core and subnetwork structure.
Implicit in the partitioned network is the use of optical cross-connects similar to those developed in project MWTN in RACE. Such cross-connects have high internal losses, which although compensated by erbium-doped amplifiers (which generate noise), limit the number that can be cascaded.. An alternative topology based on a grid-connect topology has been proposed and evaluated. This node structure is passive and may well enable more nodes to be cascaded than in the case above. Studies on the grid-connect during the year have enabled techniques to be developed which allow mapping of an irregular network (such as the EON) into a regular grid-connect.
Dimensioning : A key element in optical network design relates to network dimensioning. By this is meant the evaluation of the number of wavelengths (and fibres) required in the network to support a particular traffic matrix. During the year techniques have been refined and the three partners involved have compared their particular models for evaluation. A pertinent output of this work is the understanding of the need for wavelength conversion. For the EON, which comprises a small number of nodes highly interconnected, modelling has shown there is little performance advantage to be obtained by the inclusion of wavelength conversion ; however it is felt that for a number of operation reasons (reconfiguration speed, flexibility etc.) operators might wish to have conversion within the cross-connects.
Unavailability : Finally, a key activity to enable topology assessment is the study of network unavailability. Tools have been developed to enable network assessment. Practical difficulties in this area relate to the collection of reliability statistics for advanced technology devices, however attempts are being made to gather data where possible.
The research direction in 1996 was consequently aimed at :
evaluating and comparing the resilience, cost and performance of the two proposed pan-European network topologies.
implementing new routing topologies. Main Evolution
Experts on Transmission and Network Aspects are now trained to closely co-operate and to exchange their newest results by electronic means or even by mutual visits between the regular COST/239 workshops or meetings. So, the merging process started between WG1 and WG2 will be fostered and should facilitate these experts to reach a common vision on the work to be dealt with, the outcome of their results and also the proposal of a future COST Action devoted to Optical Networks. The 2 years extension that the CSO allowed to our Action is a good opportunity to be seized.
Work planned
Objectives :
to pursue the co-operation with the other European parties in line with the workplan agreed by the CSO
to enhance the dissemination of the results via scientific publications and the WEB
to prepare a future COST Action in the photonic domain
Ámbito científico (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS clasifica los proyectos con EuroSciVoc, una taxonomía plurilingüe de ámbitos científicos, mediante un proceso semiautomático basado en técnicas de procesamiento del lenguaje natural. Véas: El vocabulario científico europeo..
CORDIS clasifica los proyectos con EuroSciVoc, una taxonomía plurilingüe de ámbitos científicos, mediante un proceso semiautomático basado en técnicas de procesamiento del lenguaje natural. Véas: El vocabulario científico europeo..
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Programa(s)
Programas de financiación plurianuales que definen las prioridades de la UE en materia de investigación e innovación.
Programas de financiación plurianuales que definen las prioridades de la UE en materia de investigación e innovación.
Tema(s)
Las convocatorias de propuestas se dividen en temas. Un tema define una materia o área específica para la que los solicitantes pueden presentar propuestas. La descripción de un tema comprende su alcance específico y la repercusión prevista del proyecto financiado.
Las convocatorias de propuestas se dividen en temas. Un tema define una materia o área específica para la que los solicitantes pueden presentar propuestas. La descripción de un tema comprende su alcance específico y la repercusión prevista del proyecto financiado.
Convocatoria de propuestas
Procedimiento para invitar a los solicitantes a presentar propuestas de proyectos con el objetivo de obtener financiación de la UE.
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Procedimiento para invitar a los solicitantes a presentar propuestas de proyectos con el objetivo de obtener financiación de la UE.
Régimen de financiación
Régimen de financiación (o «Tipo de acción») dentro de un programa con características comunes. Especifica: el alcance de lo que se financia; el porcentaje de reembolso; los criterios específicos de evaluación para optar a la financiación; y el uso de formas simplificadas de costes como los importes a tanto alzado.
Régimen de financiación (o «Tipo de acción») dentro de un programa con características comunes. Especifica: el alcance de lo que se financia; el porcentaje de reembolso; los criterios específicos de evaluación para optar a la financiación; y el uso de formas simplificadas de costes como los importes a tanto alzado.
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Coordinador
22301 Lannion
Francia
Los costes totales en que ha incurrido esta organización para participar en el proyecto, incluidos los costes directos e indirectos. Este importe es un subconjunto del presupuesto total del proyecto.