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Euro-Mediterranean Urban Voids Ecology

Final Report Summary - EMUVE (Euro-Mediterranean Urban Voids Ecology)

I. Description of the Project and Case Studies

Euro-Mediterranean cities are facing a profound change which goes far beyond the current economic crisis. The collapse of previous public urban management models and the degradation and abandonment processes in many of these urban contexts have proven that in addition to a profound revision of their economic and governance models, a change of the scenarios and values is needed that will determine their futures for decades to come. To deal with this present scenario, new recovery strategies of urban experimentation, able to respond to current complex systems of social, environmental, economic, topological, and symbolic relationships, should be found for the post-economic crisis landscape of the Mediterranean coastline. Planners, urban designers and policy-makers are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of exploring innovative urban regeneration methods based on renewed synergies between citizenship, with their concerns and needs, the urban spaces where they live, the public institutions in charge of urban management, planning and design, and a more responsible role of the private sector. These innovative multi-scalar, adaptive and socially-engaged interventions could act as catalysts for future development of coherent strategies for urban regeneration on a larger scale with a sustainable impact over time, and improve their resilient capacity to respond to present and future challenges.

From 2013 to 2015, the IEF Marie Curie European research project EMUVE (Euro Mediterranean Urban Voids Ecology), hosted at the Welsh School of Architecture of Cardiff University focused on the territorial abandonment processes produced by current economic crisis along the Euro-Mediterranean coastline and the search for innovative methodologies of urban reactivation from flexible, resilient and collaborative approaches. The case studies were located in Spain (Andalucía and Barcelona), France (Northern district of Marseille) and Italy (Mattatoio and Progetto Forti in Rome), with reference to previous similar experiences in the UK, in London (Hackney Wick) and Cardiff (Cardiff Bay). Each of the cases was studied using a distinctive conceptual approach which portrayed how the current economic crisis has impacted in the urban realm, and the potential to overcome these urban degradation processes. Comparative studies were conducted of the cases from their different socio-political contexts, spatial organization, programme strategies, economy of the territory and governance systems, in order to understand their previous failures, present struggles and the resilient underlying dynamics that would provide a successful future.

II. Research Questions: Evolution

At the beginning of the project in 2013, the main questions raised by EMUVE Research were:
1. How could we search for recycling intervention strategies for these large areas of degraded landscapes from a renewed environmental
culture, as a tool for local/regional socio-economical growth and territorial cohesion?
2. Which are the ways to investigate and promote institutional and business model transformations of Euro-Mediterranean coast urban
development towards more sustainable criteria in symbiosis with landscape and its natural resources?
3. Could we find alternative sustainable economic development for the Euro-Med local population beyond the present endemic dependence
on unsustainable tourist urban development?
4. How could we improve the environmental quality offered to the visitors of the Euro
Mediterranean coastline, for whom this new relationship with the territory could be considered
as an added value?
5. Which are the best eco-urbanism instruments and institutional coordination strategies with local stakeholders for the recovery of these
degraded landscapes?

After this first two years of EMUVE research project, the questions for the research have evolved, increasing their articulation and coherence, informed by the analysis of the cases under their different theoretical approach. These questions are now associated in couples to main keywords which are the current core themes at the forefront of this investigation. These questions and Keywords are referring to some of the cases which portray the issues raised by them.
These keywords gives the structure to the whole project and will be the chapters of the future EMUVE book we intend to edit and publish in the following year about the analysis of the case studies and the research findings:

1.Resilience. Cases of Andalucia (Spain): Almeria and Marbella (Malaga)
A. Which are the minimal conditions that a context should have to have a capacity of readaptation to face future crisis scenarios?
B. What is the kind of interactions produced within the layers of a dense urban landscape to become resilient?

2.Social Governance. Cases of Rome (Italy) and Marseille (France)
C. What kind of participative processes will inform new synergies between citizenship, public sector and private investment for innovative post-industrial recycling systems which will be socio-economically sustainable?
D. WHO decides WHAT is Heritage? What IS Heritage and what not? What kind of heritage should be protected and preserved by the citizenship? What will be the role of material and immaterial heritage as an agent for the reactivation of abandoned, degraded or underused urban fabric?

3.Immaterial Industrial Identity. Comparative references of Hackney Wick (London) and Cardiff Bay (Wales)
Would the collaborative economy be an agent of heritage recovery?
Would it be possible to implement social solidarity strategies as design instruments?
The fact of revealing the immaterial heritage as an expression of social identity will produce new strategies of post-industrial recycling?

III. Field Trips and on site data gathering

From the beginning of the project, different research field trips were developed in all the cases (Marbella and Almeria in Andalucia, Barcelone, Rome, Marseille) to collect primary and secondary data and to articulate research collaborations with the researchers based on the universities located on these cases. The result of this work is the current articulation of a broader proposal for a second stage of EMUVE, EMUVE+ European doctoral network. The aim is to apply for funding to the Innovative Training Network Programme (ITN) under the same Marie Curie actions, within the framework of Horizon 2020. Federico Wulff, EMUVE Research Fellow, is now the co-coordinator of this new doctoral network proposal. EMUVE+ ITN network will further expand and deepen the previous EMUVE research with the establishment of and the interaction between a doctoral network of fifteen theses based in five EU countries through the participation of six European research groups of Schools of Architecture: the Welsh School of Architecture-Cardiff (UK), ENSAM-Marseille (France), Bartlett DPU-UCL London (UK), Politecnico di Milano (Italy), ULg-Liege (Belgium) and ETSAB-Barcelona (Spain).

An intense theoretical research was also undertaken, building a strong bibliography of authors and theories which informs the exploration of these innovative methodologies for urban reactivation in the post-crisis context.

IV. Welsh School of Architecture MArch2 Design Units as EMUVE Design Labs

The teaching as Urban and Architectural design tutor of Dr. Federico Wulff at the Welsh School of Architecture (WSA) was also a very useful instrument to explore the implementation of these design strategies informed by the theory studied. So the Design Units where Federico Wulff was a tutor were taken as EMUVE Urban Design Labs to explore both theories and design strategies developed in EMUVE research project.

During 2013-2014, Dr.Federico Wulff was guest tutor in the unit of the scientist in charge Dr.Juliet Davis, where we explored with the students the reactivation of the abandoned Victorian heritage in Cardiff Bay studying the impact of the implementation of a Master plan for the redevelopment waterfront of the Bay, with a special emphasis on the reactivation strategies for the Coal Exchange Victorian Building. The outcome of this unit was the publication of the book Port City with contributions from tutors and the Students, with their final design proposals for the area.
During 2014-2015 Academic year 2014-2015, Dr.Federico Wulff was the Unit Leader of MArch2 Economy Euro Mediterranee Unit at the WSA. The European Commission officially accepted the integration of this Unit within EMUVE European research project as a Research through Practice Lab. The aim was to explore the links between theoretical research, practice, social engagement and teaching within the current European crisis and post crisis context.
The Economy Euro Mediterranee Unit studied the urban and social degradation processes during the economic crisis in the northern districts of Marseille, the so-called ’triangle of poverty’ of the city, where Euromediterranee, the wider urban regeneration plan of Western Europe is under development, with new 30,000 new inhabitants to be integrated into a deeply abandoned, deprived and gentrified area. The Unit worked on new strategies for spatial, socio-economic reactivation and multicultural integration of the area of the Flea Market of Marseille, in the north limit of this Plan.
For the development of the work of the students of the Unit, an intense collaboration was developed with the School of Architecture of Marseille (ENSAM). At the present, we are editing the Book of the results of Economy Euromediterranee Unit 2014-2015, with the contributions of the European guests crits of the Unit from London, Cardiff, Rome, Barcelona and Marseille.

In the present 2015-2016 Academic Year, Dr. Federico Wulff is the WSA MArch2 EMUVE Unit Leader, after being selected in an open call for MArch2 Units. MArch2 EMUVE Unit will propose to work in Barcelona, within a contemporary urban context far away from the ‘Barcelona model’ of the nineties, focusing on post-crisis innovative processes of community self-management strategies and the development of renovated synergies with public institutions for horizontal and collaborative processes of urban regeneration.
The engagement in these processes of young collectives of architects, most of them trained at the ETSAB, is becoming key as they are developing new methodologies to become spatial translators of the needs of the citizenship and necessary mediators between civil society, public institutions and the private sector.

V. Publications
To date, the publications produced by EMUVE research project are:
1. Book: Port City. Urban and Architectural Designing for Resilience. Co-Author and co-Editor. ISBN: 978-1-899895-15-1.
2. Journal Article: "Activaciones ciudadanas para un paisaje europeo postcrisis". Journal Paisea n.28. ISSN: 1887-2557. Author.
3. Journal Article: "Urban Activation in a Post crisis Euromediterranean Scenario". Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Urban Design and Planning (UK). Peer-Reviewed. Indexed. Author.
(JCR- Scimago). ISSN: 17550807.
4. Journal Article: "EuroMediterranean Urban Voids Ecology (EMUVE): Nouvelles stratégies de régénération territoriale pour l’Etang de Berre (Marseille)". Journal I Quaderni di Careggi (Italia). ISSN 2281-3195. Author.
5. ENHSA 2013, European Network of Heads of Schools of Architecture, Napoli 2-4 Oct. 2013.
Euro Mediterranean Urban Voids Ecology (EMUVE), in Conference Proceedings.
ISBN 9782930301600
6. ECLAS 2013, European Council of Landscape Architecture Schools, Hamburg, 22-25 Sept 2013.
Urban Asymmetries and Informality at the Spanish-Moroccan Borderland, in Conference Proceedings. ISBN: 978-3-86859-299-3.
7. HERITAGE 2014, 4th International Conference Heritage and Sustainable development. 22th-25th July 2014. Guimaraes (Portugal). Co-
Author.
Presentation: "Heritage, culture and regeneration: The case of the Coal Exchange in Cardiff Bay". Published in Conference Proceedings. ISBN: 978-989-98013-7-0. Co-Author.
(JCR- Scimago). ISSN: 17550807
8. Journal Article for Urban Studies (under preparation): "EMUVE Barcelona. Can Battlo and Poble Nou: Innovative post crisis strategies for the reactivation of abandoned urban fabric".
9. Journal Article for ARQ (Architectural Research Quarterly) (under preparation): "EMUVE Marseille: The Case of l'Etang de Berre as a new habitat for the hybridization dynamics between productive, environmental and residential landscapes".
10. CHAT 2015 Sheffield Conference 2015. Abstract accepted: “EMUVE European Research Project. Social Identity values for Self-management strategies in post industrial reactivation: Campo Boario (Rome) and Can Battlo (Barcelona)“. November 2015.
11. SUSTAINABLE CITY 2015 CP Conference (Medellin, Colombia 1-3 Sept 2015). Wessex University.

VI. EMUVE Engagement and Dissemination Activities:

1. Teaching and Research Collaboration between the Welsh School of Architecture and L'Ecole Nationale Superieure d'Architecture de
Marseille (ENSAM) 2014-2015. Staff Mobility ERASMUS Agreement. Coordinators: Federico Wulff (WSA) and Laurent Hodebert (ENSAM).
September 2014.
2. Recycling the Incompiuto Siciliano. Research through practice Workshop in Messina (Sicily, Italy). Collaboration between the WSA and the
School of Architecture of Reggio Calabria, the Architects Institute of Messina and the Council of Messina. May 2014.
3. EMUVE BCN Research through practice programme 2014, in collaboration with the Community of Poble Nou (Barcelona). Coordinator:
Salva Claros. EMUVE project as a spatial and programmatic support to Community participation processes in urban regeneration of Pere IV
Avenue area. October 2014.
4. EMUVE BCN Research through practice programme 2015, in collaboration with the Community of Poble Nou (Barcelona). Integration of
EMUVE into Taula Eix Pere IV (citizenship community for the Urban regeneration of Poble Nou District and Eix Pere IV Avenue.
Coordinator: Salva Claros. EMUVE research project as a spatial and programmatic support to Community participation processes in the
urban regeneration of Pere IV Avenue area. Spatial, programatic and resource management consultancies to the community for the
organization of activities in the urban voids and abandoned buildings of the district. References of other previous successful European
initiatives on Social regeneration processes in similar contexts. Mediation with the Municipality of Barcelona, towards a synergy in the
development of a collaborative urban plan from both top-down and bottom-up approaches.
5. Coordination of a Doctoral seminar between the Welsh School of Architecture (WSA) and the School of Architecture of Marseille (ENSAM-
France). April 2015. PhD students from both schools presented and discussed their research at the WSA. Profs. Mike Fedeski, Juliet Davis,
Federico Wulff (WSA). Prof. Stephane Hanrot and Laurent Hodebert (ENSAM-France). April 2015.
6. External Examiner of the Master of Urban Design of the School of Architecture of Barcelona (ETSAB). June 2015.
7. Development of PhD Co-supervisions (European PhD) between the School of Architecture of Barcelona (ETSAB-Spain) and the Welsh
School of Architecture (WSA).
8. Development of PhD Co-supervisions (European PhD) between the School of Architecture of Marseille (ENSAM-France) and the Welsh
School of Architecture (WSA).
9. Development of International Doctoral seminars between the Welsh School of Architecture (WSA), the School of Architecture of Barcelona
(ETSAB-Spain), and the School of Architecture of Marseille (ENSAM-France).
10. EMUVE Exhibition at the Museum of History of Barcelona (Spain), opened by Mrs. Ada Colau, the Mayor of Barcelona. September-
December 2015. http://museuhistoria.bcn.cat/es/node/1113(opens in new window)
Full Content EMUVE exhibition Barcelona
https://emuvebcn.wordpress.com/2015/09/14/01-inauguration-of-the-exhibition-in-muhba/(opens in new window)
EMUVE exhibition Barcelona issuu Link:
http://issuu.com/emuve/docs/emuve_project_in_muhba_exhibition_2d24c6c7ee8e51(opens in new window)
11. Round Table and Exhibition: Community participation and Urban Design in City Road District, Cardiff (UK). The Gate Arts Centre. 23
September 2015. https://plasnewyddurbandesign.wordpress.com(opens in new window)
12. EMUVE Website: www.wg-arquitectos.com/emuve.html
13. EMUVE Blog: https://emuvebcn.wordpress.com(opens in new window)
14. Academia.edu: Federico Wulff

VII. EMUVE Future Actions
For the coming 2015-2016 Academic Year:
A. Preparation for a Book Proposal of EMUVE Research Project to apply for funding..
B. Doctoral Network EMUVE+ 2016-2020 (ITN Program Horizon 2020): EMUVE+ network coordinators: Profs. Federico Wulff (WSA) +

Laurent Hodebert (ENSAM) 6 European Universities members of EMUVE+ network:

1.Cardiff University - Welsh School of Architecture (WSA) - Reino Unido Profs. Federico Wulff, Juliet Davis, Mike Fedeski, Marga Munar Mhairi Mc Vicar, Melina Guirnaldos, Luz Navarro

2.University College of London (UCL). Development Planning Unit (DPU) – United Kingdom
Profs. Camillo Boano, Giorgio Talocci

3. Ecole Nationale Superieure d’Architecture de Marseille (ENSAM) - Laboratoire de Recherche
INAMA – France. Profs. Laurent Hodebert, Jean-Lucien Bonillo, Rene Borruey

4. Universita Politecnica Milano - Facolta di Architettura – Italia. Prof. Andrea Gritti
5. Universite de Liege - Ecole d’Architecture – Belgium. Prof. Rita Occhiuto. UNISCAPE European Network
6. Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC) Escuela Tecnica Superior de Arquitectura de Barcelona-ETSAB-Espanya Research Group
CERCLE Profs. Eduard Bru,Aquiles Gonzalez,Xavier Llovet,Josep Ma Fort

C. European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grants. 2016-2020 European Commission of the European Union EMUVE II Research Project
(WSA-ETSAB Barcelona- Saint Martins in the Field London)
D. EMUVE integrated in Taula Eix Pere IV (Community platform for the regeneration of Poble Nou district and Eix Pere IV Avenue. Barcelona.
Spain). Innovative Urban Analysis. Development of new proposals ans strategies. Feasability reports.

EMUVE Website: www.wg-arquitectos.com/emuve.html
EMUVE Blog: https://emuvebcn.wordpress.com(opens in new window)

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