Objective
The sequential reduction of sulfate to sulfide during dissimilatory sulfate reduction leads to a mass-dependant fractionation of sulfur isotopes. As a result, sulfide becomes enriched in lighter isotopes relative to sulfate. This difference in the isotopic composition has been used as an indicator of biological sulfate reduction in sedimentary sulfides and oceanic sulfate preserved in the geologic record. Indeed, sulfur isotope evidence suggests that sulfate-reduction dates back to the Archaean, making it one of the earliest metabolisms on Earth. Interpretation and identification of biological sulfur fractionation in the geologic record depends on how well we understand the physiological and environmental factors controlling fractionation. It is well documented that biological reaction networks of sulfate reduction, control isotopic fractionations of multiple sulfur isotopes. The extent of fractionation depends on physiological differences between organisms, as well as environmental variables that influence sulfate-reduction rates. Two key conserved enzymes involved in the reduction of sulfate to sulfite (APS reductase), and sulfite to sulfide (dissimilatory sulfite reductase), impart significant fractionations during sulfate reduction. Precise fractionation f actors associated with these enzyme-catalyzed reductions however, have never been well characterized for any organism. We propose to examine how purified enzymes of selected sulfate-reducers fractionate multiple sulfur isotopes. Temperature-dependant activity assays will be used to determine fractionation patterns over the full range of activity of each enzyme. Isotopic abundances for sulfate, sulfite and sulfide will be determined for multiple sulfur isotopes. The results from these experiments will place crucial constraints on current fractionation models and improve interpretation and identification of biological sulfur fractionation in the geologic record.
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- natural sciences biological sciences microbiology bacteriology
- natural sciences biological sciences biochemistry biomolecules proteins enzymes
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Keywords
Project’s keywords as indicated by the project coordinator. Not to be confused with the EuroSciVoc taxonomy (Fields of science)
Project’s keywords as indicated by the project coordinator. Not to be confused with the EuroSciVoc taxonomy (Fields of science)
Programme(s)
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Topic(s)
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Call for proposal
Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
FP6-2005-MOBILITY-5
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Funding Scheme
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Coordinator
ODENSE M
Denmark
The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.