Deliverables Documents, reports (13) Ethical Advisory Board Report. Issue 2 Report of the external Ethical Advisory Board Report as requested for the Ethical Check Experimental results. Issue 2 T3.2 Sleep (IFADO, UMI, STA): We will explore if lucid dreaming, which is a unique consciousness model in which primary consciousness – normally present during sleep – is transferred to the secondary mode of consciousness, is associated with specific FC alterations beyond regional prefrontal changes as demonstrated recently (Voss2014). We will systematically modulate connectivity to explore if these physiological processes are causally related to lucidity and to which degree specific FC patterns (frequency bands, synchrony) contribute. Oscillatory activity and connectivity will be studied with the advanced EEG models developed in WP1, and interventional stimulation will be performed. We will monitor sleep-dependent alterations of oscillatory activity with specific relation to FC alterations depending on relaxed wakefulness, drowsiness, light sleep, deep slow wave sleep, and REM-sleep in healthy subjects. The results will provide the basis for testing causality via tCS. We will explore consciousness modulation in healthy subjects as well as in patients suffering from sleep disturbance syndromes, i.e., psychophysiological insomnia states, and narcolepsy. The results of this study will elucidate how states of consciousness can be modulated by NIBS, and whether/how pathological alterations of state changes can be counteracted [IFADO]. PCI-based experiments will be conducted on healthy sleeping subjects in order to find the optimal stimulation parameters that are effective in reducing the magnitude and the rate of occurrence of spontaneously occurring and evoked (NIBS, somatosensory, visual, auditory) cortical downstates. It will also allow testing whether tCS, by reducing bistability, may affect the level of consciousness by promoting a sleep stage transition (e.g., from sleep stage N1 to wakefulness, from dreaming to lucid dreaming). [UMI] Ethical Requirements. Issue 1 Ethical Requirements resulting from 2nd iteration of the Ethical Screening during GA preparation. Experimental plans. Issue 2 T3.1 Anaesthesia: (UOX, STA, IFADO, UMI): Apply the concepts/protocols employed during sleep stage N1 or dreaming to subjects who are in a state of mild sedation or during the induction of general anaesthesia (MOOAS level 3) in order to probe the capacity of tCS to (1) alter the EEG features of bistability and (2) shift the level of wakefulness. Explore the relationship of the SWAS biomarker within the information theoretic and PCI approach to consciousness state. We will gather ultra high field 7T resting state fMRI paradigms using the developed EEG metrics as end-points for titration of anaesthesia. In particular we will explore the functional thalamocortical connectivity of the sub-regions of thalamus at these EEG end-points, and identify changes in connectivity induced by tCS. Slow activity is a common feature of both sleep and anaesthesia. There is also evidence that some anaesthetics satisfy the homeostatic need for sleep (Pal2011). By using a within-subject design, we will explore the commonality of these mechanisms further by using EEG recordings of sleep prior to fMRI scanning. We will investigate the effect of tCS on the developed EEG consciousness metrics to elucidate whether the proposed brain interference methods will allow the required dose for anaesthesia-induced loss of consciousness to be reduced, thus reducing the known risks of over-anaesthesia. Consciousness: models, metrics and intervention. Issue 1 T1.1 Neuroscience, Consciousness & Bits (UMI, all): We will review models of consciousness, the relevance of information integration, KAC, bistability, brain rhythms related with consciousness and other explanatory correlates, and study implications for artificial systems and other cognitive sciences. Guide experimental work: specify methods for consciousness characterization, from classical spectral measures to information transfer, connectivity and complex network EEG metrics; explore intrinsic bistability of cortical neurons as a final common pathway leading to a decreased capacity for information integration (indexed by PCI and other metrics) during loss of consciousness; propose how to test hypotheses by studying the effects of different types of perturbations (NIBS, PNS) on EEG recorded during different consciousness conditions; explore the possibility of calculating PCI, or of detecting signs of cortical bistability, starting from stimulation protocols such as tCS and PNS-mediated stimulation (i.e., oddballs, local-global paradigm, subject’s own name); define KAC metrics: 1) using auditory stimuli and study associated functional networks; 2) explore the existence of similar signals using NIBS 3) evaluate tACS perturbation on EEG to create an analogue of sensory ERP. Design techniques to detect the occurrence of perturbation-induced cortical downstates, including period-amplitude analysis of evoked slow waves, time-frequency decomposition and empirical mode decomposition; assess the impact of the downstate on causality at each single recording site by calculating phase-locking factor (Lachaux1999), and the impact of the downstate on causality across recording sites by calculating the phase-locking value (Palva2010). Pre-select appropriate EEG feedback loops in NIBS and guide the EEG feature search (WP2). Finally, organise the 2-3 day yearly project workshops for brainstorming and experimental design. As a final task in the project the experimental results obtained in WP3 will be interpreted and transformed into theoretical advances on consciousness understanding. Experimental results. Issue 1 T3.2 Sleep (IFADO, UMI, STA): We will explore if lucid dreaming, which is a unique consciousness model in which primary consciousness – normally present during sleep – is transferred to the secondary mode of consciousness, is associated with specific FC alterations beyond regional prefrontal changes as demonstrated recently (Voss2014). We will systematically modulate connectivity to explore if these physiological processes are causally related to lucidity and to which degree specific FC patterns (frequency bands, synchrony) contribute. Oscillatory activity and connectivity will be studied with the advanced EEG models developed in WP1, and interventional stimulation will be performed. We will monitor sleep-dependent alterations of oscillatory activity with specific relation to FC alterations depending on relaxed wakefulness, drowsiness, light sleep, deep slow wave sleep, and REM-sleep in healthy subjects. The results will provide the basis for testing causality via tCS. We will explore consciousness modulation in healthy subjects as well as in patients suffering from sleep disturbance syndromes, i.e., psychophysiological insomnia states, and narcolepsy. The results of this study will elucidate how states of consciousness can be modulated by NIBS, and whether/how pathological alterations of state changes can be counteracted [IFADO]. PCI-based experiments will be conducted on healthy sleeping subjects in order to find the optimal stimulation parameters that are effective in reducing the magnitude and the rate of occurrence of spontaneously occurring and evoked (NIBS, somatosensory, visual, auditory) cortical downstates. It will also allow testing whether tCS, by reducing bistability, may affect the level of consciousness by promoting a sleep stage transition (e.g., from sleep stage N1 to wakefulness, from dreaming to lucid dreaming). [UMI] Ethical implications T4.2 Ethics (ULG, all except INS): evaluate project’s S&T socio-ethical implications. Provide open document for wide dissemination and public understanding and for policy makers. Address the impact of potential negative findings of experimental/clinical work and how clinicians and families can deal with them. Analyse next-of-kin verbal reports on how they receive differential diagnosis and NIBS results for their patient, then provide short guides of popularized content addressing to next of kin for psycho-educative purposes on M/EEG assessment and NIBS and guidelines on pragmatic criteria for the differentiation between DOCs – clinical translation of experimental findings. Create and manage a discussion forum on clinical management (pain treatment, treatment limitation) based on the clinical diagnosis delivered by M/EEG measurements and on legal competency of (potentially) recovered patients from NIBS. Experimental plans. Issue 1 T3.1 Anaesthesia: (UOX, STA, IFADO, UMI): Apply the concepts/protocols employed during sleep stage N1 or dreaming to subjects who are in a state of mild sedation or during the induction of general anaesthesia (MOOAS level 3) in order to probe the capacity of tCS to (1) alter the EEG features of bistability and (2) shift the level of wakefulness. Explore the relationship of the SWAS biomarker within the information theoretic and PCI approach to consciousness state. We will gather ultra high field 7T resting state fMRI paradigms using the developed EEG metrics as end-points for titration of anaesthesia. In particular we will explore the functional thalamocortical connectivity of the sub-regions of thalamus at these EEG end-points, and identify changes in connectivity induced by tCS. Slow activity is a common feature of both sleep and anaesthesia. There is also evidence that some anaesthetics satisfy the homeostatic need for sleep (Pal2011). By using a within-subject design, we will explore the commonality of these mechanisms further by using EEG recordings of sleep prior to fMRI scanning. We will investigate the effect of tCS on the developed EEG consciousness metrics to elucidate whether the proposed brain interference methods will allow the required dose for anaesthesia-induced loss of consciousness to be reduced, thus reducing the known risks of over-anaesthesia. Ethical Advisory Board Task D4.1 Ethical Advisory Board Experimental plans. Issue 3 T3.1 Anaesthesia: (UOX, STA, IFADO, UMI): Apply the concepts/protocols employed during sleep stage N1 or dreaming to subjects who are in a state of mild sedation or during the induction of general anaesthesia (MOOAS level 3) in order to probe the capacity of tCS to (1) alter the EEG features of bistability and (2) shift the level of wakefulness. Explore the relationship of the SWAS biomarker within the information theoretic and PCI approach to consciousness state. We will gather ultra high field 7T resting state fMRI paradigms using the developed EEG metrics as end-points for titration of anaesthesia. In particular we will explore the functional thalamocortical connectivity of the sub-regions of thalamus at these EEG end-points, and identify changes in connectivity induced by tCS. Slow activity is a common feature of both sleep and anaesthesia. There is also evidence that some anaesthetics satisfy the homeostatic need for sleep (Pal2011). By using a within-subject design, we will explore the commonality of these mechanisms further by using EEG recordings of sleep prior to fMRI scanning. We will investigate the effect of tCS on the developed EEG consciousness metrics to elucidate whether the proposed brain interference methods will allow the required dose for anaesthesia-induced loss of consciousness to be reduced, thus reducing the known risks of over-anaesthesia. Experimental results. Issue 3 T3.2 Sleep (IFADO, UMI, STA): We will explore if lucid dreaming, which is a unique consciousness model in which primary consciousness – normally present during sleep – is transferred to the secondary mode of consciousness, is associated with specific FC alterations beyond regional prefrontal changes as demonstrated recently (Voss2014). We will systematically modulate connectivity to explore if these physiological processes are causally related to lucidity and to which degree specific FC patterns (frequency bands, synchrony) contribute. Oscillatory activity and connectivity will be studied with the advanced EEG models developed in WP1, and interventional stimulation will be performed. We will monitor sleep-dependent alterations of oscillatory activity with specific relation to FC alterations depending on relaxed wakefulness, drowsiness, light sleep, deep slow wave sleep, and REM-sleep in healthy subjects. The results will provide the basis for testing causality via tCS. We will explore consciousness modulation in healthy subjects as well as in patients suffering from sleep disturbance syndromes, i.e., psychophysiological insomnia states, and narcolepsy. The results of this study will elucidate how states of consciousness can be modulated by NIBS, and whether/how pathological alterations of state changes can be counteracted [IFADO]. PCI-based experiments will be conducted on healthy sleeping subjects in order to find the optimal stimulation parameters that are effective in reducing the magnitude and the rate of occurrence of spontaneously occurring and evoked (NIBS, somatosensory, visual, auditory) cortical downstates. It will also allow testing whether tCS, by reducing bistability, may affect the level of consciousness by promoting a sleep stage transition (e.g., from sleep stage N1 to wakefulness, from dreaming to lucid dreaming). [UMI] Ethical Advisory Board Report. Issue 1 Report of the external Ethical Advisory Board as requested by the Ethical check Consciousness: models, metrics and intervention. Issue 2 T1.1 Neuroscience, Consciousness & Bits (UMI, all): We will review models of consciousness, the relevance of information integration, KAC, bistability, brain rhythms related with consciousness and other explanatory correlates, and study implications for artificial systems and other cognitive sciences. Guide experimental work: specify methods for consciousness characterization, from classical spectral measures to information transfer, connectivity and complex network EEG metrics; explore intrinsic bistability of cortical neurons as a final common pathway leading to a decreased capacity for information integration (indexed by PCI and other metrics) during loss of consciousness; propose how to test hypotheses by studying the effects of different types of perturbations (NIBS, PNS) on EEG recorded during different consciousness conditions; explore the possibility of calculating PCI, or of detecting signs of cortical bistability, starting from stimulation protocols such as tCS and PNS-mediated stimulation (i.e., oddballs, local-global paradigm, subject’s own name); define KAC metrics: 1) using auditory stimuli and study associated functional networks; 2) explore the existence of similar signals using NIBS 3) evaluate tACS perturbation on EEG to create an analogue of sensory ERP. Design techniques to detect the occurrence of perturbation-induced cortical downstates, including period-amplitude analysis of evoked slow waves, time-frequency decomposition and empirical mode decomposition; assess the impact of the downstate on causality at each single recording site by calculating phase-locking factor (Lachaux1999), and the impact of the downstate on causality across recording sites by calculating the phase-locking value (Palva2010). Pre-select appropriate EEG feedback loops in NIBS and guide the EEG feature search (WP2). Finally, organise the 2-3 day yearly project workshops for brainstorming and experimental design. As a final task in the project the experimental results obtained in WP3 will be interpreted and transformed into theoretical advances on consciousness understanding. Other (2) Project database. Issue 2 T2.4 Experiment prototype integration and validation (STA, INSERM, IFADO): In the last project iteration we will integrate validated metrics with the developed close-loop techniques in a safe prototype for adaptive neuromodulation in consciousness studies and clinical applications. Visualization tools will be developed to monitor subject responses. This prototype for adaptive neuromodulation will be experimentally validated in a pilot (IFADO, all). Validation of the prototype and model predictions will be attained in the visual perception experiment. Parameters for tCS and close-loop tCS will be provided by the model and correlated with experimental results. Conclusions and requirements for the final device implementation will be delivered. Project website and communication materials All communication materials including brochures, corporate identity, and web site. Publications Peer reviewed articles (53) The application of tDCS for the treatment of psychiatric diseases Author(s): Min-Fang Kuo, Po-See Chen, Michael A. Nitsche Published in: International Review of Psychiatry, Issue 29/2, 2017, Page(s) 146-167, ISSN 0954-0261 Publisher: Brunner - Routledge (US) DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2017.1286299 Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation: Safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines Author(s): A. Antal, I. Alekseichuk, M. Bikson, J. Brockmöller, A.R. Brunoni, R. Chen, L.G. Cohen, G. Dowthwaite, J. Ellrich, A. Flöel, F. Fregni, M.S. George, R. Hamilton, J. Haueisen, C.S. Herrmann, F.C. Hummel, J.P. Lefaucheur, D. Liebetanz, C.K. Loo, C.D. McCaig, C. Miniussi, P.C. Miranda, V. Moliadze, M.A. Nitsche, R. Nowak, F. Padberg, A. Pascual-Leone, W. Poppendieck, A. Priori, S. Rossi, P.M. Rossi Published in: Clinical Neurophysiology, Issue 128/9, 2017, Page(s) 1774-1809, ISSN 1388-2457 Publisher: Elsevier BV DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.06.001 Studying and modifying brain function with non-invasive brain stimulation Author(s): Rafael Polanía, Michael A. Nitsche, Christian C. Ruff Published in: Nature Neuroscience, Issue 21/2, 2018, Page(s) 174-187, ISSN 1097-6256 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group DOI: 10.1038/s41593-017-0054-4 What Effect Does tDCS Have on the Brain? Basic Physiology of tDCS Author(s): Asif Jamil, Michael A. Nitsche Published in: Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports, Issue 4/4, 2017, Page(s) 331-340, ISSN 2196-2979 Publisher: Springer International Publishing DOI: 10.1007/s40473-017-0134-5 Poststimulation time interval-dependent effects of motor cortex anodal tDCS on reaction-time task performance Author(s): Andrés Molero-Chamizo, José R. Alameda Bailén, Tamara Garrido Béjar, Macarena García López, Inmaculada Jaén Rodríguez, Carolina Gutiérrez Lérida, Silvia Pérez Panal, Gloria González Ángel, Laura Lemus Corchero, María J. Ruiz Vega, Michael A. Nitsche, Guadalupe N. Rivera-Urbina Published in: Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, Issue 18/1, 2018, Page(s) 167-175, ISSN 1530-7026 Publisher: Psychonomic Society Inc. DOI: 10.3758/s13415-018-0561-0 Basic and functional effects of transcranial Electrical Stimulation (tES)—An introduction Author(s): Fatemeh Yavari, Asif Jamil, Mohsen Mosayebi Samani, Liliane Pinto Vidor, Michael A. Nitsche Published in: Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Issue 85, 2018, Page(s) 81-92, ISSN 0149-7634 Publisher: Pergamon Press Ltd. DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.06.015 Stratification of unresponsive patients by an independently validated index of brain complexity Author(s): Silvia Casarotto, Angela Comanducci, Mario Rosanova, Simone Sarasso, Matteo Fecchio, Martino Napolitani, Andrea Pigorini, Adenauer G. Casali, Pietro D. Trimarchi, Melanie Boly, Olivia Gosseries, Olivier Bodart, Francesco Curto, Cristina Landi, Maurizio Mariotti, Guya Devalle, Steven Laureys, Giulio Tononi, Marcello Massimini Published in: Annals of Neurology, 2016, ISSN 1531-8249 Publisher: John Wiley & Sons DOI: 10.1002/ana.24779 Neural correlates of consciousness: progress and problems Author(s): Christof Koch, Marcello Massimini, Melanie Boly, Giulio Tononi Published in: Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Issue 17/5, 2016, Page(s) 307-321, ISSN 1471-003X Publisher: Nature Publishing Group DOI: 10.1038/nrn.2016.22 Consciousness and cortical responsiveness: a within-state study during non-rapid eye movement sleep Author(s): Jaakko O. Nieminen, Olivia Gosseries, Marcello Massimini, Elyana Saad, Andrew D. Sheldon, Melanie Boly, Francesca Siclari, Bradley R. Postle, Giulio Tononi Published in: Scientific Reports, 2016, ISSN 2045-2322 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group DOI: 10.1038/srep30932 Measures of metabolism and complexity in the brain of patients with disorders of consciousness Author(s): Olivier Bodart, Olivia Gosseries, Sarah Wannez, Aurore Thibaut, Jitka Annen, Melanie Boly, Mario Rosanova, Adenauer G. Casali, Silvia Casarotto, Giulio Tononi, Marcello Massimini, Steven Laureys Published in: Neuroimage: Clinical, 2017, ISSN 2213-1582 Publisher: Elsevier BV DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.02.002 Brain–computer interfaces for communication and rehabilitation Author(s): Ujwal Chaudhary, Niels Birbaumer, Ander Ramos-Murguialday Published in: Nature Reviews Neurology, Issue 12/9, 2016, Page(s) 513-525, ISSN 1759-4758 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.113 Closed-loop brain training: the science of neurofeedback Author(s): Ranganatha Sitaram, Tomas Ros, Luke Stoeckel, Sven Haller, Frank Scharnowski, Jarrod Lewis-Peacock, Nikolaus Weiskopf, Maria Laura Blefari, Mohit Rana, Ethan Oblak, Niels Birbaumer, James Sulzer Published in: Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Issue 18/2, 2016, Page(s) 86-100, ISSN 1471-003X Publisher: Nature Publishing Group DOI: 10.1038/nrn.2016.164 Brain–Computer Interface–Based Communication in the Completely Locked-In State Author(s): Ujwal Chaudhary, Bin Xia, Stefano Silvoni, Leonardo G. Cohen, Niels Birbaumer Published in: PLOS Biology, 2017, ISSN 1544-9173 Publisher: Public Library of Science DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002593 Repeated stimulation of the posterior parietal cortex in patients in minimally conscious state: A sham-controlled randomized clinical trial Author(s): Wangshan Huang, Sarah Wannez, Felipe Fregni, Xiaohua Hu, Shan Jing, Geraldine Martens, Minhui He, Haibo Di, Steven Laureys, Aurore Thibaut Published in: Brain Stimulation, Issue 10/3, 2017, Page(s) 718-720, ISSN 1935-861X Publisher: Elsevier BV DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.02.001 Tracking Dynamic Interactions Between Structural and Functional Connectivity: A TMS/EEG-dMRI Study Author(s): Enrico Amico, Olivier Bodart, Mario Rosanova, Olivia Gosseries, Lizette Heine, Pieter Van Mierlo, Charlotte Martial, Marcello Massimini, Daniele Marinazzo, Steven Laureys Published in: Brain Connectivity, Issue 7/2, 2017, Page(s) 84-97, ISSN 2158-0014 Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc. DOI: 10.1089/brain.2016.0462 Modulation of Total Sleep Time by Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Author(s): Lukas Frase, Hannah Piosczyk, Sulamith Zittel, Friederike Jahn, Peter Selhausen, Lukas Krone, Bernd Feige, Florian Mainberger, Jonathan G Maier, Marion Kuhn, Stefan Klöppel, Claus Normann, Annette Sterr, Kai Spiegelhalder, Dieter Riemann, Michael A Nitsche, Christoph Nissen Published in: Neuropsychopharmacology, Issue 41/10, 2016, Page(s) 2577-2586, ISSN 0893-133X Publisher: Nature Publishing Group DOI: 10.1038/npp.2016.65 Transcranial Electric Stimulation for Precision Medicine: A Spatiomechanistic Framework Author(s): Fatemeh Yavari, Michael Nitsche and Hamed Ekhtiari Published in: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Issue 11:159, 2017, ISSN 1662-5161 Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00159 Single tDCS session of motor cortex in patients with disorders of consciousness: a pilot study Author(s): Géraldine Martens, Felipe Fregni, Manon Carrière, Alice Barra, Steven Laureys, Aurore Thibaut Published in: Brain Injury, Issue 33/13-14, 2019, Page(s) 1679-1683, ISSN 0269-9052 Publisher: Taylor & Francis DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2019.1667537 The Repetition of Behavioral Assessments in Diagnosis of Disorders of Consciousness Author(s): Wannez, Sarah; Heine, Lizette; Thonnard, Marie; Gosseries, Olivia; Laureys, Steven; Coma Science Group Collaborators Published in: Annals of Neurology, Issue 2, 2017, ISSN 1531-8249 Publisher: Wiley Online Library DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1194509 Propofol-induced unresponsiveness is associated with impaired feedforward connectivity in cortical hierarchy Author(s): R.D. Sanders, M.I. Banks, M. Darracq, R. Moran, J. Sleigh, O. Gosseries, V. Bonhomme, J.F. Brichant, M. Rosanova, A. Raz, G. Tononi, M. Massimini, S. Laureys, M. Boly Published in: British Journal of Anaesthesia, Issue 121/5, 2018, Page(s) 1084-1096, ISSN 0007-0912 Publisher: Oxford University Press DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.07.006 Are There Islands of Awareness? Author(s): Tim Bayne, Anil K. Seth, Marcello Massimini Published in: Trends in Neurosciences, Issue 43/1, 2020, Page(s) 6-16, ISSN 0166-2236 Publisher: Elsevier BV DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2019.11.003 The dynamic functional core network of the human brain at rest Author(s): A. Kabbara, W. EL Falou, M. Khalil, F. Wendling, M. Hassan Published in: Scientific Reports, Issue 7/1, 2017, ISSN 2045-2322 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03420-6 The spectral features of EEG responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex depend on the amplitude of the motor evoked potentials Author(s): Matteo Fecchio, Andrea Pigorini, Angela Comanducci, Simone Sarasso, Silvia Casarotto, Isabella Premoli, Chiara-Camilla Derchi, Alice Mazza, Simone Russo, Federico Resta, Fabio Ferrarelli, Maurizio Mariotti, Ulf Ziemann, Marcello Massimini, Mario Rosanova Published in: PLOS ONE, Issue 12/9, 2017, Page(s) e0184910, ISSN 1932-6203 Publisher: Public Library of Science DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184910 The spectral exponent of the resting EEG indexes the presence of consciousness during unresponsiveness induced by propofol, xenon, and ketamine Author(s): Michele Angelo Colombo, Martino Napolitani, Melanie Boly, Olivia Gosseries, Silvia Casarotto, Mario Rosanova, Jean-Francois Brichant, Pierre Boveroux, Steffen Rex, Steven Laureys, Marcello Massimini, Arturo Chieregato, Simone Sarasso Published in: NeuroImage, Issue 189, 2019, Page(s) 631-644, ISSN 1053-8119 Publisher: Academic Press DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.01.024 Sleep-like cortical OFF-periods disrupt causality and complexity in the brain of unresponsive wakefulness syndrome patients Author(s): M. Rosanova, M. Fecchio, S. Casarotto, S. Sarasso, A. G. Casali, A. Pigorini, A. Comanducci, F. Seregni, G. Devalle, G. Citerio, O. Bodart, M. Boly, O. Gosseries, S. Laureys, M. Massimini Published in: Nature Communications, Issue 9/1, 2018, ISSN 2041-1723 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06871-1 Prevalence Of Coma-Recovery Scale-Revised Signs Of Consciousness In Patients In Minimally Conscious State Author(s): Wannez, Sarah; Gosseries, Olivia; Azzolini, Deborah; Martial, Charlotte; Cassol, Helena; Aubinet, Charlène; Annen, Jitka; Martens, Géraldine; Bodart, Olivier; Heine, Lizette; Charland-Verville, Vanessa; Thibaut, Aurore; Chatelle, Camille; Vanhaudenhuyse, Audrey; Demertzi, Athena; Schnakers, Caroline; Donneau, Anne-Françoise; Laureys, Steven Published in: Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, Issue 5, 2018, ISSN 0960-2011 Publisher: Psychology Press DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1194504 Brain Networks Predict Metabolism, Diagnosis And Prognosis At The Bedside In Disorders Of Consciousness Author(s): Chennu, Shrivas; Annen, Jitka; Wannez, Sarah; Chatelle, Camille; Cassol, Helena; Martens, Géraldine; Schnakers, Caroline; Gosseries, Olivia; Menon, David; Laureys, Steven Published in: Brain, Issue 6, 2017, ISSN 0006-8950 Publisher: Oxford University Press DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1194511 An algorithmic information theory of consciousness Author(s): Giulio Ruffini Published in: Neuroscience of Consciousness, Issue 2017/1, 2017, ISSN 2057-2107 Publisher: Oxford: Oxford University Press DOI: 10.1093/nc/nix019 Decoding the circuitry of consciousness: From local microcircuits to brain-scale networks Author(s): Julien Modolo, Mahmoud Hassan, Fabrice Wendling, Pascal Benquet Published in: Network Neuroscience, Issue 4/2, 2020, Page(s) 315-337, ISSN 2472-1751 Publisher: MIT Press DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00119 COALIA: A Computational Model of Human EEG for Consciousness Research Author(s): Siouar Bensaid, Julien Modolo, Isabelle Merlet, Fabrice Wendling, Pascal Benquet Published in: Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Issue 13, 2019, ISSN 1662-5137 Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2019.00059 A fast and general method to empirically estimate the complexity of brain responses to transcranial and intracranial stimulations Author(s): Renzo Comolatti, Andrea Pigorini, Silvia Casarotto, Matteo Fecchio, Guilherme Faria, Simone Sarasso, Mario Rosanova, Olivia Gosseries, Mélanie Boly, Olivier Bodart, Didier Ledoux, Jean-François Brichant, Lino Nobili, Steven Laureys, Giulio Tononi, Marcello Massimini, Adenauer G. Casali Published in: Brain Stimulation, Issue 12/5, 2019, Page(s) 1280-1289, ISSN 1935-861X Publisher: Elsevier BV DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2019.05.013 Controlled clinical trial of repeated prefrontal tDCS in patients with chronic minimally conscious state Author(s): Aurore Thibaut, Sarah Wannez, Anne-Francoise Donneau, Camille Chatelle, Olivia Gosseries, Marie-Aurélie Bruno, Steven Laureys Published in: Brain Injury, Issue 31/4, 2017, Page(s) 466-474, ISSN 0269-9052 Publisher: Taylor & Francis DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2016.1274776 Assessment of needs, psychological impact and quality of life in families of patients with locked-in syndrome Author(s): Zulay Lugo, Fréderic Pellas, Veronique Blandin, Steven Laureys, Olivia Gosseries Published in: Brain Injury, Issue 31/12, 2017, Page(s) 1590-1596, ISSN 0269-9052 Publisher: Taylor & Francis DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2017.1347277 Investigation of Slow Wave Activity Saturation During Surgical Anesthesia Reveals a Signature of Neural Inertia in Humans Author(s): Warnaby, Catherine E.; Sleigh, Jamie W.; Hight, Darren; Jbabdi, Saad; Tracey, Irene Published in: Anesthesiology 127(4) 645-657, Issue 12, 2017, ISSN 0003-3022 Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ltd. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1182660 Global structural integrity and effective connectivity in patients with disorders of consciousness Author(s): Olivier Bodart, Enrico Amico, Francisco Gómez, Adenauer G. Casali, Sarah Wannez, Lizette Heine, Aurore Thibaut, Jitka Annen, Melanie Boly, Silvia Casarotto, Mario Rosanova, Marcello Massimini, Steven Laureys, Olivia Gosseries Published in: Brain Stimulation, Issue 11/2, 2018, Page(s) 358-365, ISSN 1935-861X Publisher: Elsevier BV DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.11.006 Transcranial direct current stimulation unveils covert consciousness Author(s): Aurore Thibaut, Camille Chatelle, Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse, Géraldine Martens, Helena Cassol, Charlotte Martial, Manon Carrière, Alice Barra, Steven Laureys, Olivia Gosseries Published in: Brain Stimulation, Issue 11/3, 2018, Page(s) 642-644, ISSN 1935-861X Publisher: Elsevier BV DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.02.002 Functional Connectivity Substrates for tDCS Response in Minimally Conscious State Patients Author(s): Carlo Cavaliere, Marco Aiello, Carol Di Perri, Enrico Amico, Charlotte Martial, Aurore Thibaut, Steven Laureys, Andrea Soddu Published in: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Issue 10, 2016, ISSN 1662-5102 Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00257 Electroencephalographic slow wave dynamics and loss of behavioural responsiveness induced by ketamine in human volunteers Author(s): Jamie Sleigh, Rebecca M. Pullon, Phillip E. Vlisides, Catherine E. Warnaby Published in: British Journal of Anaesthesia, Issue 123/5, 2019, Page(s) 592-600, ISSN 0007-0912 Publisher: Oxford University Press DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2019.07.021 Probing the circuits of conscious perception with magnetophosphenes Author(s): Julien Modolo, Mahmoud Hassan, Giulio Ruffini, Alexandre Legros Published in: Journal of Neural Engineering, 2019, ISSN 1741-2560 Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ab97f7 General anaesthesia as fragmentation of selfhood: insights from electroencephalography and neuroimaging Author(s): J. Sleigh, C. Warnaby, I. Tracey Published in: British Journal of Anaesthesia, Issue 121/1, 2018, Page(s) 233-240, ISSN 0007-0912 Publisher: Oxford University Press DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2017.12.038 Semantic and BCI-performance in completely paralyzed patients: Possibility of language attrition in completely locked in syndrome Author(s): Majid Khalili Ardali, Aygul Rana, Mehdi Purmohammad, Niels Birbaumer, Ujwal Chaudhary Published in: Brain and Language, Issue 194, 2019, Page(s) 93-97, ISSN 0093-934X Publisher: Academic Press DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2019.05.004 Sleep in the completely locked-in state (CLIS) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Author(s): Azim Malekshahi, Ujwal Chaudhary, Andres Jaramillo-Gonzalez, Alberto Lucas Luna, Aygul Rana, Alessandro Tonin, Niels Birbaumer, Steffen Gais Published in: Sleep, Issue 42/12, 2019, ISSN 0161-8105 Publisher: The American Academy of Sleep Medicine DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz185 Electroencephalography of completely locked-in state patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Author(s): Yasuhisa Maruyama, Natsue Yoshimura, Aygul Rana, Azim Malekshahi, Alessandro Tonin, Andres Jaramillo-Gonzalez, Niels Birbaumer, Ujwal Chaudhary Published in: Neuroscience Research, 2020, ISSN 0168-0102 Publisher: Elsevier BV DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2020.01.013 Neuropsychological and neurophysiological aspects of brain‐computer‐interface (BCI)‐control in paralysis Author(s): Ujwal Chaudhary, Natalie Mrachacz‐Kersting, Niels Birbaumer Published in: The Journal of Physiology, 2020, ISSN 0022-3751 Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Inc. DOI: 10.1113/jp278775 Open Software/Hardware Platform for Human-Computer Interface Based on Electrooculography (EOG) Signal Classification Author(s): Jayro Martínez-Cerveró, Majid Khalili Ardali, Andres Jaramillo-Gonzalez, Shizhe Wu, Alessandro Tonin, Niels Birbaumer, Ujwal Chaudhary Published in: Sensors, Issue 20/9, 2020, Page(s) 2443, ISSN 1424-8220 Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) DOI: 10.3390/s20092443 Auditory Electrooculogram-based Communication System for ALS Patients in Transition from Locked-in to Complete Locked-in State Author(s): Alessandro Tonin, Andres Jaramillo-Gonzalez, Aygul Rana, Majid Khalili-Ardali, Niels Birbaumer, Ujwal Chaudhary Published in: Scientific Reports, Issue 10/1, 2020, ISSN 2045-2322 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65333-1 Fully Automated R-peak Detection Algorithm (FLORA) for fetal magnetoencephalographic data Author(s): Katrin Sippel, Julia Moser, Franziska Schleger, Hubert Preissl, Wolfgang Rosenstiel, Martin Spüler Published in: Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, Issue 173, 2019, Page(s) 35-41, ISSN 0169-2607 Publisher: Elsevier BV DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.02.016 Evaluating Complexity of Fetal MEG Signals: A Comparison of Different Metrics and Their Applicability Author(s): Julia Moser, Siouar Bensaid, Eleni Kroupi, Franziska Schleger, Fabrice Wendling, Giulio Ruffini, Hubert Preißl Published in: Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Issue 13, 2019, ISSN 1662-5137 Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2019.00023 A 20-Questions-Based Binary Spelling Interface for Communication Systems Author(s): Alessandro Tonin, Niels Birbaumer, Ujwal Chaudhary Published in: Brain Sciences, Issue 8/7, 2018, Page(s) 126, ISSN 2076-3425 Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8070126 Brain, Behavior, and Cognitive Interplay in Disorders of Consciousness: A Multiple Case Study Author(s): Charlène Aubinet, Lesley Murphy, Mohamed A. Bahri, Stephen K. Larroque, Helena Cassol, Jitka Annen, Manon Carrière, Sarah Wannez, Aurore Thibaut, Steven Laureys, Olivia Gosseries Published in: Frontiers in Neurology, Issue 9, 2018, ISSN 1664-2295 Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00665 Decreased integration of EEG source-space networks in disorders of consciousness Author(s): Jennifer Rizkallah, Jitka Annen, Julien Modolo, Olivia Gosseries, Pascal Benquet, Sepehr Mortaheb, Hassan Amoud, Helena Cassol, Ahmad Mheich, Aurore Thibaut, Camille Chatelle, Mahmoud Hassan, Rajanikant Panda, Fabrice Wendling, Steven Laureys Published in: NeuroImage: Clinical, Issue 23, 2019, Page(s) 101841, ISSN 2213-1582 Publisher: Elsevier BV DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101841 Human consciousness is supported by dynamic complex patterns of brain signal coordination Author(s): A. Demertzi, E. Tagliazucchi, S. Dehaene, G. Deco, P. Barttfeld, F. Raimondo, C. Martial, D. Fernández-Espejo, B. Rohaut, H. U. Voss, N. D. Schiff, A. M. Owen, S. Laureys, L. Naccache, J. D. Sitt Published in: Science Advances, Issue 5/2, 2019, Page(s) eaat7603, ISSN 2375-2548 Publisher: AAAS DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat7603 Exploring the Correlation Between M/EEG Source–Space and fMRI Networks at Rest Author(s): Jennifer Rizkallah, Hassan Amoud, Matteo Fraschini, Fabrice Wendling, Mahmoud Hassan Published in: Brain Topography, Issue 33/2, 2020, Page(s) 151-160, ISSN 0896-0267 Publisher: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers DOI: 10.1007/s10548-020-00753-w Searching for OpenAIRE data... There was an error trying to search data from OpenAIRE No results available
