Description du projet
La résistance induite par les microbes prend racine
Afin d’augmenter le rendement des cultures et réduire l’utilisation des pesticides, les entreprises européennes concentrent leurs recherches sur l’exploitation du pouvoir des microbes bénéfiques. En effet, les plantes et leurs racines abritent naturellement de nombreux micro-organismes bénéfiques, dont certains renforcent la résistance aux insectes nuisibles. Avec le soutien du programme Actions Marie Skłodowska-Curie, le projet MIRA réunira onze institutions académiques et six entreprises autour de la recherche fondamentale et appliquée. Leur mission est de comprendre les mécanismes de résistance induits par les microbes, de prévoir leur efficacité dans diverses conditions et de développer de meilleures méthodes de formulation et d’application d’inoculants microbiens. Avec 15 chercheurs en début de carrière, ce réseau multisectoriel entend redessiner l’horticulture et l’agriculture européennes.
Objectif
Plants are intimately associated with a diversity of beneficial microorganisms in their root zone, some of which can enhance the plant’s resistance to insect pests. Thus, the use of Microbe-induced Resistance (MiR) to reduce pest losses in agriculture has emerged as a highly promising possibility to improve crop resilience and reduce use of harmful pesticides. European companies have therefore started to develop and market beneficial microbes. However, MiR appears to be strongly context-dependent, with reduced benefits under certain biotic and abiotic conditions and in some crop varieties. Further, it is a challenge to deliver and ensure stable associations of beneficial microbes and plants, and avoid undesired effects on beneficial insects. Thus we absolutely must improve our understanding of MiR mechanisms and context-dependency, in order to improve context stability of MiR and promote the use of MiR for crop protection. Our MiRA project will train 15 ESRs in basic and applied research on context-dependency of MiR, mechanisms, and impacts on plant performance and other biocontrol organisms. We will use this understanding to improve our ability to predict the effectiveness of MiR under different conditions, to select plant and microbial strains with improved context-stability, and to develop better methods for the formulation of microbial inoculants and their application in agriculture. Finally, we will analyse economic prospects and constraints for MiR development and use. To achieve these goals, we have assembled a consortium of 11 academic institutions and 6 companies, including microbial inoculant producers and agricultural advisors, with complementary skills in basic and applied research and innovation. Our ESRs will be trained within this multi-sectoral interdisciplinary network for a future career in research, product and service development in European horticulture and agriculture, pushing boundaries in European research and innovation.
Champ scientifique
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Régime de financement
MSCA-ITN-ETN - European Training NetworksCoordinateur
1165 Kobenhavn
Danemark