Project description
Association between metabolism, cortical processing and perception
The EU-funded PUPILTRAITS project aims to improve our understanding of visual perception by applying an innovative approach to vision science to study how vision is affected by physiological state and personality traits. Visual processing will be elucidated using classic and new methods, including pupil responses, ultra-high-field magnetic resonance of visual cortex, and psychophysics. The goal is to obtain knowledge about the relationship between metabolism, cortical processing and perception. The project has the potential to significantly change the understanding of developmental disorders, such as the autistic spectrum disorders. It can also improve the diagnosis through objective evaluation of perceptual styles and encourage innovative therapeutic approaches, changing perception and behaviour through general physiology: how we eat and exercise.
Objective
Vision is probably the best understood system of the human brain: studying vision has taught us much about the human mind and its complex processes. We know in detail the fundamental steps leading to visual perception, but we do not know why normally sighted people differ in how they perceive: why some “see the forest before the trees”, while others have a fragmented perceptual experience focused on local features. PUPILTRAITS aims to fill this gap by taking an innovative approach to vision science, to understand how vision is affected by physiological state and personality traits.
I will measure visual processing with both classic and new methods (that I helped develop), including pupil responses, ultra-high field Magnetic Resonance of human visual cortex, and psychophysics. Based on solid pilot data, I predict that differences in behavioral and cortical properties co-vary with personality traits, providing new reliable biomarkers of the local context-independent perception associated with autistics traits, even in young children (using pupillometry). These tools will also reveal changes of perception within individuals: during a safe and simple physiological intervention (ketosis, a metabolic state that can be naturally induced by fasting and intense physical activity), to show that early visual processing can be altered by acting on metabolism, and that this consequently affects holistic/local perceptual styles.
My aim is to provide new knowledge on the relationship between metabolism, cortical processing and perception. This has the potential for a strong societal impact: it can change our understanding of pervasive developmental disorders, like Autistic Spectrum Disorders, characterized by a different way of processing incoming information; it can aid their diagnosis through objective evaluation of perceptual styles, and encourage innovative therapeutic approaches aimed at changing perception and behavior by acting on general physiology: how we eat and exercise
Fields of science
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Funding Scheme
ERC-STG - Starting GrantHost institution
56126 Pisa
Italy