Description du projet
Étudier la manière dont les bactéries buccales affectent la santé respiratoire
Étant donné que la cavité buccale constitue l’entrée des voies respiratoires inférieures, les bactéries buccales peuvent jouer un rôle dans la santé des poumons. Les bactéries avec de puissants lipopolysaccharides (LPS) pro‑inflammatoires semblent être plus répandues dans les poumons des personnes asthmatiques que dans ceux des personnes en bonne santé. Le projet BRuSH, financé par l’UE, testera l’hypothèse selon laquelle les communautés de microbiomes dominées par les bactéries produisant des LPS, qui induisent une immunoréaction pro‑inflammatoire particulièrement forte chez l’hôte, affecteront de manière négative la santé respiratoire. Il déterminera si une composition bactérienne et des types de bactéries spécifiques produisant des LPS dans des échantillons buccaux et de poussière prédisent la fonction pulmonaire et la santé respiratoire au fil du temps, et si les différents types de bactéries produisant des LPS affectent les LPS contenus dans la salive et la poussière. Ce projet ouvrira la voie à une meilleure santé buccale.
Objectif
The oral cavity is the gateway to the lower respiratory tract, and oral bacteria are likely to play a role in lung health. This may be the case for pathogens as well as commensal bacteria and the balance between species. The oral bacterial community of patients with periodontitis is dominated by gram-negative bacteria and a higher lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activity than in healthy microbiota. Furthermore, bacteria with especially potent pro-inflammatory LPS have been shown to be more common in the lungs of asthmatic than in healthy individuals. The working hypothesis of BRuSH is that microbiome communities dominated by LPS-producing bacteria which induce a particularly strong pro-inflammatory immune response in the host, will have a negative effect on respiratory health. I will test this hypothesis in two longitudinally designed population-based lung health studies. I aim to identify whether specific bacterial composition and types of LPS producing bacteria in oral and dust samples predict lung function and respiratory health over time; and if the different types of LPS-producing bacteria affect LPS in saliva saliva and dust. BRuSH will apply functional genome annotation that can assign biological significance to raw bacterial DNA sequences. With this bioinformatics tool I will cluster microbiome data into various LPS-producers: bacteria with LPS with strong inflammatory effects and others with weak- or antagonistic effects. The epidemiological studies will be supported by mice-models of asthma and cell assays of human bronchial epithelial cells, by exposing mice and bronchial cells to chemically synthesized Lipid A (the component that drive the LPS-induced immune responses) of various potency. The goal of BRuSH is to prove a causal relationship between oral microbiome and lung health, and gain knowledge that will enable us to make oral health a feasible target for intervention programs aimed at optimizing lung health and preventing respiratory disease.
Champ scientifique
- medical and health sciencesclinical medicinepneumologyasthma
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesmicrobiologybacteriology
- medical and health sciencesbasic medicineimmunology
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesbiochemistrybiomoleculeslipids
- medical and health scienceshealth sciencesinfectious diseasesRNA virusescoronaviruses
Programme(s)
Thème(s)
Régime de financement
ERC-STG - Starting GrantInstitution d’accueil
5020 Bergen
Norvège