Descripción del proyecto
Un material de película delgada de almacenamiento de energía para sensores del internet de las cosas
El almacenamiento de energía es cada vez más importante a medida que aumenta la cantidad de dispositivos del internet de las cosas. Los sensores autónomos requieren baterías con una elevada densidad energética, alta tensión y mayor vida útil. Aunque las baterías actuales tienen una gran capacidad, no pueden descargarse y recargarse con rapidez. Por el contrario, los condensadores pueden emitir energía más rápidamente, pero su densidad energética es menor. En el proyecto CITRES, financiado con fondos europeos, se tratará de aunar lo mejor de las baterías y los condensadores. Sus investigadores introducirán defectos en películas delgadas de un material denominado «relajador ferroeléctrico». El procesamiento de película delgada de relajadores mejora la resistencia a la ruptura dieléctrica. En este material se puede lograr una alta densidad energética al maximizar la polarización y minimizar las corrientes de fuga.
Objetivo
The goal of CITRES is to provide new energy storage devices with high power and energy density by developing novel multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) based on relaxor thin films (RTF).
Energy storage units for energy autonomous sensor systems for the Internet of Things (IoT) must possess high power and energy density to allow quick charge/recharge and long-time energy supply. Current energy storage devices cannot meet those demands: Batteries have large capacity but long charging/discharging times due to slow chemical reactions and ion diffusion. Ceramic dielectric capacitors – being based on ionic and electronic polarisation mechanisms – can deliver and take up power quickly, but store much less energy due to low dielectric breakdown strength (DBS), high losses, and leakage currents.
RTF are ideal candidates: (i) Thin film processing allows obtaining low porosity and defects, thus enhancing the DBS; (ii) slim polarisation hysteresis loops, intrinsic to relaxors, allow reducing the losses. High energy density can be achieved in RTF by maximising the polarisation and minimising the leakage currents. Both aspects are controlled by the amount, type and local distribution of chemical substituents in the RTF lattice, whereas the latter depends also on the chemistry of the electrode metal.
In CITRES, we will identify the influence of substituents on electric polarisation from atomic to macroscopic scale by combining multiscale atomistic modelling with advanced structural, chemical and electrical characterizations on several length scales both in the RTF bulk and at interfaces with various electrodes. This will allow for the first time the design of energy storage properties of RTF by chemical substitution and electrode selection.
The ground-breaking nature of CITRES resides in the design and realisation of RTF-based dielectric MLCCs with better energy storage performances than supercapacitors and batteries, thus enabling energy autonomy for IoT sensor systems.
Ámbito científico
- natural sciencescomputer and information sciencesinternetinternet of things
- engineering and technologymaterials engineeringcoating and films
- engineering and technologyelectrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineeringelectronic engineeringsensors
- engineering and technologymaterials engineeringceramics
- natural scienceschemical sciences
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
Régimen de financiación
ERC-COG - Consolidator GrantInstitución de acogida
8010 Graz
Austria